[Radiologic and sonographic screening study of shoulder joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis].

In the course of a prospective study at our department the shoulder joints of 50 RA-patients were examined. Two criteria have been applied: only righthanded patients have been examined in order to ascertain any prevalence of changes in the dominant extremity, and only patients who were primarily admitted to our department because of complaints other than those of the shoulder. Examination consisted of anamnesis, clinical tests, radiography and sonography. Reports in the literature concerning involvement of 60%. This percentage was confirmed in our clinical and radiological examinations. If, however, sonography is used, it increases to 96%. Lesions of the rotator cuff can be demonstrated, beginning on the synovial side above bone erosions, without any clinical signs or radiographic changes. Radiographic changes have been rated according to Larsen stages 0-5. Upward migration of the humeral head already before massive bone destruction of the shoulder seems to confirm an early involvement of the rotator cuff. Involvement of the acromioclavicular joint begins with Larsen stage 2 and often includes a distension of the joint cavity. The dominant extremity was not found to be affected predominantly. The therapeutic consequences resulting from this examination are discussed.