Lane Harlan, Matthies Melanie L, Guenther Frank H, Denny Margaret, Perkell Joseph S, Stockmann Ellen, Tiede Mark, Vick Jennell, Zandipour Majid
Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2007 Aug;50(4):913-27. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2007/065).
To assess the effects of short- and long-term changes in auditory feedback on vowel and sibilant contrasts and to evaluate hypotheses arising from a model of speech motor planning.
The perception and production of vowel and sibilant contrasts were measured in 8 postlingually deafened adults prior to activation of their cochlear implant speech processors, 1 month postactivation, and 1 year postactivation. Measures were taken postactivation both with and without auditory feedback. Contrast measures were also made for a group of speakers with reportedly normal hearing speaking with masked and unmasked auditory feedback.
Vowel and sibilant contrasts, measured in the absence of auditory feedback after 1 month of prosthesis use, were diminished compared with their values measured before prosthesis. Contrasts measured in the absence of auditory feedback after 1 year's experience with the prosthesis were increased compared with their values after 1 month's experience. In both time samples, contrasts were enhanced when auditory feedback was restored.
The provision of prosthetic hearing to postlingually deafened adults impaired their phonemic contrasts at first, as their auditory feedback had novel characteristics. Once auditory feedback became recalibrated with prosthesis use, it could, in turn, revise feedforward commands that control the contrasts in its absence.
评估听觉反馈的短期和长期变化对元音和咝音对比的影响，并评估源自言语运动规划模型的假设。
在8名语后聋成年人激活其人工耳蜗言语处理器之前、激活后1个月和激活后1年，测量他们对元音和咝音对比的感知与产生情况。激活后分别在有和没有听觉反馈的情况下进行测量。还对一组据报道听力正常的说话者在有掩蔽和无掩蔽听觉反馈的情况下进行了对比测量。
与使用假体前测量的值相比，在使用假体1个月后无听觉反馈时测量的元音和咝音对比有所降低。与1个月的体验后的值相比，在使用假体1年后无听觉反馈时测量的对比有所增加。在两个时间样本中，恢复听觉反馈时对比增强。
为语后聋成年人提供人工听觉最初会损害他们的音位对比，因为他们的听觉反馈具有新的特征。一旦听觉反馈随着假体的使用重新校准，它反过来可以修改在没有听觉反馈时控制对比的前馈指令。
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