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马基因组计划——基于序列对雄性生殖机制的深入洞察。

The horse genome project--sequence based insights into male reproductive mechanisms.

作者信息

Leeb T

机构信息

Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland.

出版信息

Reprod Domest Anim. 2007 Sep;42 Suppl 2:45-50. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2007.00897.x.

Abstract

The growing knowledge on physiology, cell biology and biochemistry of the reproductive organs has provided many insights into molecular mechanisms that are required for successful reproduction. Research directed at the investigation of reproduction physiology in domestic animals was hampered in the past by a lack of species-specific genomic information. The genome sequences of dog, cattle and horse have become publicly available in 2005, 2006 and 2007 respectively. Although the gene content of mammalian genomes is generally very similar, genes involved in reproduction tend to be less conserved than the average mammalian gene. The availability of genome sequences provides a valuable resource to check whether any protein that may be known from human or mouse research is present in cattle and/or horse as well. Currently there are more than 200 genes known that are involved in the production of fertile sperm cells. Great progress has been made in the understanding of genetic aberrations that lead to male infertility. Additionally, the first genetic mechanisms are being discovered that contribute to the quantitative variation of fertility traits in fertile male animals. Here, I will review some selected aspects of genetic research in male fertility and offer some perspectives for the use of genomic sequence information.

摘要

对生殖器官生理学、细胞生物学和生物化学的认识不断增加,为成功繁殖所需的分子机制提供了许多见解。过去,由于缺乏物种特异性基因组信息,针对家畜生殖生理学的研究受到阻碍。狗、牛和马的基因组序列分别于2005年、2006年和2007年公开可用。尽管哺乳动物基因组的基因含量通常非常相似,但与生殖相关的基因往往不如一般哺乳动物基因保守。基因组序列的可用性提供了一个有价值的资源,可用于检查牛和/或马中是否也存在从人类或小鼠研究中已知的任何蛋白质。目前已知有200多个基因参与可育精子细胞的产生。在理解导致男性不育的遗传畸变方面已经取得了很大进展。此外,正在发现最初的遗传机制,这些机制导致可育雄性动物生育性状的数量变异。在此,我将回顾男性生育力遗传研究的一些选定方面,并为基因组序列信息的使用提供一些观点。

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