Makówka Agata, Gut Włodzimierz, Litwińska Bogumiła
Zakład Wirusologii Państwowego Zakładu Higieny w Warszawie.
Przegl Epidemiol. 2007;61(1):135-42.
Measles is still one of the leading causes of children mortality, despite of availability of a cheap, effective and safe vaccine for more than 40 years. Effective global eradication of smallpox and the success of polio eradication have provided an incentive to achieve the measles eradication all over the world. Elimination is achieved when no endemic measles cases has been observed in given area. This study analyzes epidemiological situation of measles, measles vaccination and laboratory diagnosis. In this report we describe the role of Global Measles Laboratory Network and integrated measles/rubella surveillance. The National Laboratory in Poland is based at the Department of Virology in National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw. Following the implementation of 2-dose measles vaccine schedule the epidemiologic situation of measles has improved. In 2006 results of genotyping indicate that recent outbreaks were caused by local strains of the virus (D4 and D5).
尽管40多年来一直有廉价、有效且安全的疫苗，但麻疹仍是儿童死亡的主要原因之一。全球成功根除天花以及脊髓灰质炎根除工作的开展，促使人们努力在全球范围内根除麻疹。当在特定地区未观察到地方性麻疹病例时，即实现了消除麻疹的目标。本研究分析了麻疹的流行病学情况、麻疹疫苗接种情况及实验室诊断情况。在本报告中，我们描述了全球麻疹实验室网络及麻疹/风疹综合监测的作用。波兰的国家实验室设在华沙国家卫生研究所病毒学系。实施两剂次麻疹疫苗接种计划后，麻疹的流行病学情况有所改善。2006年的基因分型结果表明，近期的疫情是由该病毒的本地毒株（D4和D5）引起的。
