Yang Jun, Yin Xiao-Juan, Luo Fen-Ping, Feng Zhi-Chun
Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. 2007 Aug;27(8):1236-8.
To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).
This investigation involved 125 premature infants admitted in the neonate intensive unit between July 1st, 2006 and Feb 1st, 2007, who were less than 37 weeks of postconceptional age, or more than 37 weeks but with birth weight <2500 g. At the fourth postnatal week or the corrected gestational age of 32 to 34 weeks, the infants underwent ROP examination of both eyes using RetCam digital retinal camera. Diagnosis and staging of ROP were established according to the international guidelines, with another 20 full-term infants as the control group.
All the 125 infants completed the follow up. The prevalence of ROP in the premature group was 6.4%, while no ROP was found in the control group. Of the premature infants, the prevalence of ROP in infants with birth weight </=2000 g (12.7%) was significantly higher than that in those with birth weight more than 2 000 g (0 , %KHgr;(2) =6. 42, P=0.01). In premature infants with postconceptional age </=32 weeks, the prevalence of ROP reached 17.5%, significantly higher than that in infants with postconceptional age over 32 weeks (1.1% , Chi(2)=9.52, P=0.002). The postconceptional age (OR=0.865, P=0.038) and birth weight (OR=0.768, P=0.042) were identified as the most important risk factors for ROP, and correlation was not found between ROP and oxygen inhalation mode, mechanical ventilation, use of indomethacin, or maternal conditions.
The prevalence of ROP is significantly higher in premature infants than in full-term infants, and shorter postconceptional age and lower body weight at birth are associated with increased risk of ROP. Routine examination of the ocular fundus of premature infants on a regular basis can be helpful for early detection of ROP.
探讨早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）的患病率及危险因素。
本研究纳入2006年7月1日至2007年2月1日期间入住新生儿重症监护病房的125例早产儿，其孕龄小于37周，或孕龄大于37周但出生体重<2500g。在出生后第4周或矫正胎龄32至34周时，使用RetCam数字视网膜相机对婴儿双眼进行ROP检查。根据国际指南进行ROP的诊断和分期，另选取20例足月儿作为对照组。
125例婴儿均完成随访。早产儿组ROP患病率为6.4%，对照组未发现ROP。在早产儿中，出生体重≤2000g的婴儿ROP患病率（12.7%）显著高于出生体重>2000g的婴儿（χ²=6.42，P=0.01）。孕龄≤32周的早产儿ROP患病率达17.5%，显著高于孕龄大于32周的婴儿（1.1%，χ²=9.52，P=0.002）。孕龄（OR=0.865，P=0.038）和出生体重（OR=0.768，P=0.042）被确定为ROP最重要的危险因素，且未发现ROP与吸氧模式、机械通气、吲哚美辛使用或母亲情况之间存在相关性。
早产儿ROP患病率显著高于足月儿，孕龄较短和出生体重较低与ROP风险增加相关。定期对早产儿进行眼底常规检查有助于早期发现ROP。
