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在雌雄异株植物宽叶蝇子草的Y染色体上,携带两个位于抑制雌蕊和促进雄蕊功能区域缺失的无性和类似雌性突变体的花发育。

Floral development of an asexual and female-like mutant carrying two deletions in gynoecium-suppressing and stamen-promoting functional regions on the Y chromosome of the dioecious plant Silene latifolia.

作者信息

Koizumi Ayako, Amanai Yasuhito, Ishii Kotaro, Nishihara Kiyoshi, Kazama Yusuke, Uchida Wakana, Kawano Shigeyuki

机构信息

Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, FSB-601, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8562 Japan.

出版信息

Plant Cell Physiol. 2007 Oct;48(10):1450-61. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcm113. Epub 2007 Aug 24.

Abstract

Sexual dimorphism is controlled by genes on the Y chromosome in the dioecious plant Silene latifolia. K034 is the first mutant with female flowers and asexual flowers in one individual. Its stamens are suppressed completely, and its gynoecium exhibits two suppression patterns. One gynoecium resembles a thin rod, as in wild-type males (asexual flower); the other is imperfectly suppressed, having 1-3 carpels (female-like flower). The ratio of these patterns was 9 : 1. To exclude the possibility of chimerism in K034, we crossed a female-like flower of K034 with a wild-type male. Progeny obtained from this crossing had asexual and female-like flowers in one individual. This two-flower-type phenotype was inherited without separating. To examine the identity of flower organs in K034, we analyzed the development of asexual and female-like flowers using scanning electron microscopy and in situ hybridization with SLM1 and SLM2 (orthologs of AGAMOUS and PISTILLATA, respectively) as probes. Mitotic spreads of root tip chromosomes from hairy root cultures showed that K034 had 25 chromosomes. Fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis, using a subtelomeric repetitive sequence (KpnI subfamily) as a probe, indicated that K034 possessed two X chromosomes and one Y chromosome (Y(d)), of which Y(d) had been rearranged to lose the pseudoautosomal region (PAR). PCR analysis using Y-specific sequence-tagged site (STS) markers clarified that Y(d) of K034 had two other deletions in gynoecium-suppressing and stamen-promoting regions. It is reasonable to suggest that these sex chromosomal abnormalities resulted in two abnormal sexual phenotypes: the asexual and imperfect female (female-like) flowers in K034.

摘要

在雌雄异株植物白麦瓶草中,性别二态性由Y染色体上的基因控制。K034是首个在同一个体上同时具有雌花和无性花的突变体。其雄蕊完全被抑制,雌蕊呈现出两种抑制模式。一种雌蕊类似于细棒,如同野生型雄性植株的(无性花);另一种则未被完全抑制,有1 - 3个心皮(类雌花)。这两种模式的比例为9 : 1。为排除K034中嵌合体的可能性,我们将K034的一朵类雌花与野生型雄性植株杂交。此次杂交获得的后代在同一个体上具有无性花和类雌花。这种双花型表型可遗传且不分离。为检测K034中花器官的特性,我们使用扫描电子显微镜以及以SLM1和SLM2(分别为AGAMOUS和PISTILLATA的直系同源基因)作为探针进行原位杂交,分析了无性花和类雌花的发育过程。来自发根培养物的根尖染色体有丝分裂铺片显示,K034有25条染色体。使用亚端粒重复序列(KpnI亚家族)作为探针的荧光原位杂交分析表明,K034拥有两条X染色体和一条Y染色体(Y(d)),其中Y(d)已发生重排,失去了假常染色体区域(PAR)。使用Y特异性序列标签位点(STS)标记进行的PCR分析表明,K034的Y(d)在雌蕊抑制区域和雄蕊促进区域还有另外两处缺失。有理由认为,这些性染色体异常导致了K034中出现两种异常的性别表型:无性花和不完全雌性(类雌花)。

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