Effect of late follicular phase administration of antide on ovulation and inhibin secretion in macaques.

In previous studies, the LHRH antagonist detirelix, administered to stumptailed macaques during the menstrual cycle, was only partially effective in blocking pituitary-ovarian function when given during the late follicular phase. Since the antagonist was suppressive when administered during the early luteal phase, we investigated the ability of antide, a putative long-acting LHRH antagonist, to cause inhibition of the LH surge or luteal function when administered during the late follicular phase. Six animals with regular ovulatory cycles were treated on day 10 of the follicular phase with 1mg/kg antide s.c. All animals demonstrated a continued rise in serum concentrations of estradiol which were followed by an LH surge beginning 2-5 days after antide injection and serum progesterone and inhibin secretion which indicated normal luteal function. In a second experiment, six animals were treated on day 10 of the follicular phase with 3mg/kg antide s.c. In three animals, this caused a fall in serum concentrations of estradiol and the expected LH surge and rises in progesterone and inhibin secretion indicating ovulation failed to occur. In 2 animals, the LH surge was not prevented but the consequential rise in progesterone and inhibin was attenuated. In the remaining animal the cycle appeared unaffected. Pharmacokinetics of antide revealed an initial high release rate during the first 4 days (1mg/kg) or 6 days (3mg/kg) followed by a period of sustained release at a relatively low level. These results show that antide is partially effective in blocking ovulation at a high dose in the macaque and may result in an inadequate luteal phase, presumably as a result of its extended action.