Borroni B, Turla M, Bertasi V, Agosti C, Gilberti N, Padovani A
Neurology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Brescia, Piazza Spedali Civili 1, I-25125 Brescia, Italy.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2008 Jul-Aug;47(1):53-61. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2007.07.005. Epub 2007 Aug 31.
Parkinson's disease (PD), Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB), Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) and Corticobasal Degeneration Syndrome (CBDS) are the most common neurodegenerative extrapyramidal syndromes. Beyond motor symptoms, cognitive dysfunctions and behavioral disturbances are reported. Neuropsychological and neuropsychiatry features in the early stages, however, are under-investigated, and few comparison studies are available yet. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cognitive and behavioral profile in the early stages of neurodegenerative extrapyramidal syndromes. Thirty-nine PD, 27 DLB, 16 CBDS, and 24 PSP were recruited. Groups were matched for global cognitive and motor impairment. The overall sample showed a common neuropsychological core characterized by visuospatial deficits. Although in the early stage of the disease, a high presence of behavioral disturbances was detected, depression and anxiety were the most common disorders, followed by apathy and sleep disturbances. The observation of overlapping clinical entities points the attention on the need of adjunctive diagnostic markers for early differential diagnosis.
帕金森病（PD）、路易体痴呆（DLB）、进行性核上性麻痹（PSP）和皮质基底节变性综合征（CBDS）是最常见的神经退行性锥体外系综合征。除运动症状外，还报告了认知功能障碍和行为障碍。然而，早期的神经心理学和神经精神学特征研究不足，且目前几乎没有比较研究。本研究的目的是评估神经退行性锥体外系综合征早期的认知和行为特征。招募了39例帕金森病患者、27例路易体痴呆患者、16例皮质基底节变性综合征患者和24例进行性核上性麻痹患者。各组在整体认知和运动障碍方面进行了匹配。总体样本显示出以视觉空间缺陷为特征的共同神经心理学核心。尽管在疾病早期检测到行为障碍的发生率很高，但抑郁和焦虑是最常见的疾病，其次是冷漠和睡眠障碍。重叠临床实体的观察使人们关注早期鉴别诊断辅助诊断标志物的必要性。
