Hashtroudi S, Chrosniak L D, Schwartz B L
Department of Psychology, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052.
Psychol Aging. 1991 Dec;6(4):605-15. doi: 10.1037//0882-7974.6.4.605.
This study examined the effects of aging on 2 kinds of implicit memory; repetition priming and skill learning. In Experiment 1, older adults showed less improvement in the skill of reading inverted words than did young adults, but priming performance did not differ for the 2 age groups. Similarly, in Experiment 2, in a partial-word identification task, skill learning was observed only for young adults, whereas there was no age difference in priming. Experiments 1a and 2a, however, showed that when older adults were presented with more perceptual information than were young adults, the age deficit in skill learning was eliminated. These results indicate that skill learning is impaired under data-limited conditions, whereas priming is unaffected under these conditions. It is proposed that the age deficit in skill learning is related to a deficit in perceptual organization and reorganization.
本研究考察了衰老对两种内隐记忆的影响，即重复启动和技能学习。在实验1中，与年轻人相比，老年人在阅读倒置单词技能方面的提高较少，但两个年龄组的启动表现没有差异。同样，在实验2中，在部分单词识别任务中，仅在年轻人中观察到技能学习，而启动方面没有年龄差异。然而，实验1a和2a表明，当向老年人呈现比年轻人更多的感知信息时，技能学习中的年龄缺陷就会消除。这些结果表明，在数据有限的条件下，技能学习会受到损害，而在这些条件下启动不受影响。有人提出，技能学习中的年龄缺陷与感知组织和重组方面的缺陷有关。
