Nath Mihir Ranjan, Sen Surajit, Gangopadhyay Gautam
Department of Physics, Guru Charan College, Silchar-788004, India.
J Chem Phys. 2007 Sep 7;127(9):094505. doi: 10.1063/1.2767624.
The microscopic basis of Newton's law of cooling and its modification when the difference in temperature between the system and the surroundings is very large is discussed. When the system of interest is interacting with a small bath, the effect of the dynamical evolution of the bath variables is important to find out its dynamical feedback on the system. As in the usual system-bath approach, however, the bath is finally considered to be in thermal equilibrium and thereby provides an effective generalization of the Born-Markov master equation. It is shown that the cooling at early time is faster than that predicted by Newton's law due to the dynamical feedback of the bath.
讨论了牛顿冷却定律的微观基础及其在系统与周围环境温度差非常大时的修正。当所关注的系统与一个小热库相互作用时，热库变量的动力学演化对找出其对系统的动力学反馈很重要。然而，与通常的系统 - 热库方法一样，最终认为热库处于热平衡状态，从而提供了玻恩 - 马尔可夫主方程的有效推广。结果表明，由于热库的动力学反馈，早期的冷却比牛顿定律预测的要快。
