Chilcutt Charles F
Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University Agricultural Research & Extension Center, 10345 Agnes Street, Corpus Christi, TX 78406-1412, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2007 Aug;100(4):1428-34. doi: 10.1603/0022-0493(2007)100[1428:eopaco]2.0.co;2.
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) transgenic cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., kills several economically important pests, reducing injury and increasing yields. Refuges of non-Bt cotton are currently planted with Bt cotton in different designs to slow pest resistance evolution. To compare the effects of differences in Bt/non-Bt plant heterogeneity found in different refuge designs on square (flower bud) damage, abscissions, sap-feeding herbivore densities, and yield in cotton, four types of 24-row cotton plots were planted in 2001 and 2002: 1) seed mixtures of Bt and non-Bt varieties, 2) 12-row strips of Bt and non-Bt, 3) solid Bt, and 4) solid non-Bt. For both years cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), damage was less in solid Bt plots than strips and mixtures and all were less than solid non-Bt plots. Cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Reuter), damage was affected by refuge, but only in 2002 when damage was greater in solid Bt plots than all other plots and greater in strips than solid non-Bt plots. Abscissions were least in solid non-Bt plots, and less in mixtures and strips than solid Bt plots. In 2001, western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), density was greatest in mixtures, whereas sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), was greatest in solid Bt plots, and greater in mixtures than solid non-Bt plots. Yield also was affected by refuge, it was greater for solid Bt plots than for solid non-Bt plots and mixtures in 2001, but the reverse was true in 2002.
苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bt）转基因棉花，陆地棉（Gossypium hirsutum L.），能杀死几种具有重要经济意义的害虫，减少损害并提高产量。目前，非Bt棉花避难所与Bt棉花以不同设计种植，以减缓害虫抗性进化。为比较不同避难所设计中Bt/非Bt植物异质性差异对棉花蕾（花芽）损伤、脱落、吸食汁液的草食动物密度和产量的影响，2001年和2002年种植了四种类型的24行棉田：1）Bt和非Bt品种的种子混合物，2）12行Bt和非Bt条带，3）纯Bt，4）纯非Bt。在这两年中，棉铃虫（Helicoverpa zea (Boddie)）对纯Bt棉田的损害小于条带和混合物棉田，且所有这些都小于纯非Bt棉田。棉盲蝽（Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Reuter)）的损害受避难所影响，但仅在2002年，纯Bt棉田的损害大于所有其他棉田，且条带棉田的损害大于纯非Bt棉田。脱落现象在纯非Bt棉田中最少，混合物和条带棉田的脱落现象少于纯Bt棉田。2001年，西花蓟马（Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)）的密度在混合物棉田中最大，而烟粉虱（Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)）在纯Bt棉田中密度最大，且混合物棉田中的密度大于纯非Bt棉田。产量也受避难所影响，2001年纯Bt棉田的产量高于纯非Bt棉田和混合物棉田，但2002年情况相反。
