Vesentini Lara, Willems Bert
Research Institute Architecture, Mobility and Environment, Provincial College Limburg, Agoralaan, Building E, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
Accid Anal Prev. 2007 Sep;39(5):867-72. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2006.08.005. Epub 2007 Mar 21.
This study investigated the use and misuse of child restraint systems (CRS) in Flanders (Belgium). Observations were conducted at a random sample of primary school and recreation areas. In total 1376 children were observed. A logistic regression model was constructed in order to determine the variables involved. The parameter-estimates of this model have shown that children are more often restrained when the driver buckles up, the ride takes less than 1h, the children are younger, the children sit in the front seat of the car, a recreational area is the destination of the trip and there are less than five children in the car. Also premature graduation to CRS was analysed. More than half of the children are not appropriately restrained, according to their age, weight or height. Improper shoulder belt use (putting the shoulder belt behind the back or under the arm) was observed in 8.99% of the children being restrained with high back booster seats, in 32.73% of the children being restrained with backless booster seats and finally in 19.07% of the children being restrained with seat belts. The risk of incorrectly using the shoulder belt increases when children are prematurely graduated in a CRS. The results are discussed in the light of other studies on this matter.
本研究调查了比利时弗拉芒地区儿童约束系统（CRS）的使用及误用情况。在小学和休闲区的随机样本中进行了观察。总共观察了1376名儿童。构建了一个逻辑回归模型以确定相关变量。该模型的参数估计表明，当驾驶员系好安全带、行程少于1小时、儿童年龄较小、儿童坐在汽车前排座位、行程目的地为休闲区且车内儿童少于五名时，儿童更常受到约束。此外，还分析了过早使用儿童约束系统的情况。超过一半的儿童根据其年龄、体重或身高未得到适当约束。在使用高靠背增高座椅约束的儿童中，8.99%的儿童存在不当使用肩带的情况（将肩带置于背后或腋下）；在使用无靠背增高座椅约束的儿童中，这一比例为32.73%；最后，在使用安全带约束的儿童中，这一比例为19.07%。当儿童过早使用儿童约束系统时，不当使用肩带的风险会增加。结合关于此问题的其他研究对结果进行了讨论。
