Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of the conversion from a calcineurin inhibitor to an everolimus-based therapy in maintenance renal transplant patients.

Everolimus has recently been introduced into clinical practice with promising perspectives due to its efficacy, lack of nephrotoxicity, and antitumor effects. Experience in clinical trials associated with low-dose cyclosporine showed good results, but there is almost no experience in calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) elimination learning it as the primary immunosuppressant. We describe our experience in a series of 78 stable renal transplant patients who were switched to Everolimus with complete and quick elimination of the CNI: the procedure of conversion, pharmacokinetic results after conversion, evolution of renal parameters (renal function, proteinuria, and others), and safety data (acute rejection and adverse events). An initial dose of 3 mg/d was adequate to obtain the recommended trough levels between 5 and 10 ng/mL. Our results demonstrated that conversion to Everolimus was a simple, safe procedure that must be considered in patients CNI toxicity, especially those with malignant neoplasms and progressive deterioration of renal function due to chronic allograft nephropathy.