患有精神疾病的社会保障残疾保险（SSDI）和补充保障收入（SSI）受益人能否从循证支持性就业中获益？
Can SSDI and SSI beneficiaries with mental illness benefit from evidence-based supported employment?
作者信息
Bond Gary R, Xie Haiyi, Drake Robert E
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, LD 124, 402 N. Blackford St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
出版信息
Psychiatr Serv. 2007 Nov;58(11):1412-20. doi: 10.1176/ps.2007.58.11.1412.
OBJECTIVE
Individuals with psychiatric disabilities are the fastest-growing subgroup of Social Security Administration disability beneficiaries and have negligible rates of return to competitive employment. Nevertheless, a new approach to vocational rehabilitation, termed supported employment, has increased the optimism regarding employment for this population.
METHODS
Aggregating data from four randomized controlled trials of evidence-based supported employment for persons with severe mental illness, the investigators compared 546 Social Security Administration disability beneficiaries with 131 nonbeneficiaries. Three employment measures were examined: job acquisition, weeks worked, and job tenure.
RESULTS
Beneficiaries receiving supported employment had better employment outcomes than those receiving other vocational services. Similar results were found for nonbeneficiaries. Overall, nonbeneficiaries had better employment outcomes than beneficiaries. However, the effect sizes measuring the improved outcomes with supported employment were similar for beneficiaries (d=.52-1.10) and nonbeneficiaries (d=.78-.89).
CONCLUSIONS
Evidence-based supported employment could enable many Social Security Administration beneficiaries with psychiatric disabilities to attain competitive employment even though receipt of disability benefits operates as a barrier to employment.
目的
患有精神疾病的个体是社会保障管理局残疾受益人中增长最快的亚群体，且其重返竞争性就业的比例微乎其微。然而，一种名为支持性就业的职业康复新方法，增加了人们对该人群就业前景的乐观态度。
方法
研究人员汇总了四项针对重度精神疾病患者的循证支持性就业随机对照试验的数据，将546名社会保障管理局残疾受益人与131名非受益人进行了比较。研究考察了三项就业指标：就业获取情况、工作周数和在职期限。
结果
接受支持性就业的受益人比接受其他职业服务的受益人就业结果更好。非受益人也有类似结果。总体而言，非受益人比受益人就业结果更好。然而，衡量支持性就业改善结果的效应大小，受益人（d = 0.52 - 1.10）和非受益人（d = 0.78 - 0.89）相似。
结论
循证支持性就业能够使许多患有精神疾病的社会保障管理局受益人获得竞争性就业，即便领取残疾福利是就业的一个障碍。
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