与哺乳动物的肺相比，鸟类的肺中肺毛细血管的扩张性最小。
Minimal distensibility of pulmonary capillaries in avian lungs compared with mammalian lungs.
作者信息
Watson Rebecca R, Fu Zhenxing, West John B
机构信息
Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0623, United States.
出版信息
Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2008 Feb 1;160(2):208-14. doi: 10.1016/j.resp.2007.09.013. Epub 2007 Sep 29.
Previous physiological studies suggest that avian pulmonary capillaries behave like almost rigid tubes. We made morphometric measurements to determine the diameter of the capillaries in chicken lungs when the transmural pressure was altered over a wide range. The diameter of avian pulmonary capillaries increased by only 13% when the pressure inside them was raised from 0 to 25 cmH(2)O. In contrast, other studies have shown that the mean width of the pulmonary capillaries in dogs increased by about 125% and in cats by 128% for the same pressure change. Furthermore, raising the pressure 35 cmH(2)O outside the capillaries compared to the pressure inside the capillaries in chicken lungs caused little change in diameter whereas under the same conditions in mammal lungs the capillaries are completely collapsed. We conclude that the epithelial bridges between the blood capillaries in the bird lung provide strong support to the capillaries both in expansion and compression.
以往的生理学研究表明，鸟类肺毛细血管的行为类似于几乎刚性的管道。我们进行了形态测量，以确定在跨壁压力在很宽范围内变化时鸡肺毛细血管的直径。当鸟类肺毛细血管内的压力从0升高到25 cmH₂O时，其直径仅增加了13%。相比之下，其他研究表明，对于相同的压力变化，狗肺毛细血管的平均宽度增加了约125%，猫肺毛细血管的平均宽度增加了128%。此外，与鸡肺毛细血管内的压力相比，将毛细血管外的压力提高35 cmH₂O对直径影响很小，而在相同条件下，哺乳动物肺中的毛细血管会完全塌陷。我们得出结论，鸟类肺中血毛细血管之间的上皮桥在扩张和压缩时都为毛细血管提供了强大的支撑。
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