Liistro G, Stănescu D C, Veriter C, Rodenstein D O, Aubert-Tulkens G
Pulmonary Laboratory, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.
Sleep. 1991 Dec;14(6):517-25. doi: 10.1093/sleep/14.6.517.
We measured respiratory mechanical characteristics during sleep in five heavy, nonapneic snorers (HS) and in five obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. In two HS and in two OSA patients we obtained lateral pharyngeal cineradiographic images during sleep while snoring. Flow limitation preceded all snores in both HS and OSA. Pattern of snoring, hysteresis and temporal relationship between supraglottic pressure (Psg) and flow rate were different in HS and OSA. Maximal flow during snoring was less (p less than 0.05) in OSA (0.18 +/- 0.07 liter/second) than in HS (0.36 +/- 0.06 liter/second). Linear supraglottic resistance during inspiratory snoring was higher, though not significantly, in OSA patients (7.11 +/- 3.01 cm H2O/liter/second) than in HS (4.80 +/- 2.83 cm H2O/liter/second). We conclude that: 1) Snoring is characterized by high frequency oscillations of the soft palate, pharyngeal walls, epiglottis and tongue. 2) Flow limitation appears to be a sine qua non for snoring during sleep. 3) The pattern of snoring is different in OSA and HS. 4) Pharyngeal size during snoring is probably larger in HS than in OSA patients.
我们测量了5名重度、无呼吸暂停的打鼾者(HS)和5名阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)患者睡眠期间的呼吸力学特征。在2名HS患者和2名OSA患者睡眠打鼾时,我们获取了咽部侧位动态X线影像。在HS和OSA患者中,气流受限均先于所有鼾声出现。HS和OSA患者的打鼾模式、滞后现象以及声门上压力(Psg)与流速之间的时间关系均有所不同。OSA患者打鼾时的最大流速(0.18±0.07升/秒)低于HS患者(0.36±0.06升/秒),差异有统计学意义(p<0.05)。OSA患者吸气打鼾时的线性声门上阻力(7.11±3.01厘米水柱/升/秒)高于HS患者(4.80±2.83厘米水柱/升/秒),但差异无统计学意义。我们得出以下结论:1)打鼾的特征是软腭、咽壁、会厌和舌头的高频振荡。2)气流受限似乎是睡眠期间打鼾的必要条件。3)OSA和HS患者的打鼾模式不同。4)HS患者打鼾时的咽部尺寸可能比OSA患者更大。