Ali M Jafer, Ende Kevin, Maas Corey S
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 2007 Nov;15(4):491-500, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.fsc.2007.08.008.
In general, the aging process of the face is a process of atrophy, most noticeable in the perioral region. This article discusses rejuvenation of the perioral region, including fillers, surgery, and facial resurfacing, as correction for this process. Detailed techniques for each of the approaches are outlined. Composition of the various fillers is discussed in conjunction with their respective outcomes and duration of effect. Clinical preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative photographs are presented.
一般来说,面部的衰老过程是一个萎缩过程,在口周区域最为明显。本文讨论口周区域的年轻化,包括填充剂、手术和面部皮肤磨削术,作为针对这一过程的矫正方法。概述了每种方法的详细技术。结合各种填充剂各自的效果和作用持续时间讨论了其成分。展示了临床术前、术中和术后照片。