Yorita Krista L, Holman Robert C, Steiner Claudia A, Effler Paul V, Miyamura Jill, Forbes Susan, Anderson Larry J, Balaraman Venkataraman
Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2007 Dec;26(12):1081-8. doi: 10.1097/INF.0b013e31812e62c2.
Lower respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of hospitalization and mortality among children worldwide. Our objective was to describe the incidence and epidemiology of severe bronchiolitis, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and pneumonia among children in Hawaii.
Retrospective analysis of the patient-linked hospital discharge data associated with bronchiolitis, RSV, and pneumonia among Hawaii residents younger than 5 years of age during 1997 through 2004 using the Hawaii State Inpatient Database.
During 1997 through 2004, the average annual incidence rates for bronchiolitis, RSV, and pneumonia were 3.8, 2.7, and 6.8 per 1000 children younger than 5 years, respectively. The incidence of each condition was higher for infants younger than 1 year (15.1, 9.8, and 15.9 per 1000 infants, respectively) than the incidence for children 1-4 years of age, and higher for boys compared with girls. The incidence of each condition was highest among Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander children compared with children of other race groups living in Hawaii. Most hospitalizations occurred during the months of October through February. Estimated median hospital charges were $4806 (bronchiolitis), $5465 (RSV) and $5240 (pneumonia), with overall average annual charges of $11.5 million.
The incidence and hospitalization rates for bronchiolitis, RSV, and pneumonia among children younger than 5 years of age in Hawaii were low; the corresponding hospitalization rates were lower than those for the general U.S. population. However, the hospitalization rates for each condition among Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander children were much higher than those for other race groups or for the U.S. population.
下呼吸道感染是全球儿童住院和死亡的主要原因。我们的目的是描述夏威夷儿童严重细支气管炎、呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）和肺炎的发病率及流行病学特征。
利用夏威夷州住院患者数据库，对1997年至2004年期间夏威夷5岁以下居民中与细支气管炎、RSV和肺炎相关的患者关联医院出院数据进行回顾性分析。
1997年至2004年期间，细支气管炎、RSV和肺炎的年均发病率分别为每1000名5岁以下儿童3.8例、2.7例和6.8例。每种疾病在1岁以下婴儿中的发病率（分别为每1000名婴儿15.1例、9.8例和15.9例）高于1 - 4岁儿童，且男孩高于女孩。与居住在夏威夷的其他种族儿童相比，夏威夷原住民和其他太平洋岛民儿童中每种疾病的发病率最高。大多数住院发生在10月至2月期间。估计中位住院费用分别为4806美元（细支气管炎）、5465美元（RSV）和5240美元（肺炎），年均总费用为1150万美元。
夏威夷5岁以下儿童中细支气管炎、RSV和肺炎的发病率及住院率较低；相应的住院率低于美国总体人群。然而，夏威夷和其他太平洋岛民儿童中每种疾病的住院率远高于其他种族群体或美国总体人群。
