Herfst Sander, Fouchier Ron A M
Department of Virology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
J Clin Virol. 2008 Jan;41(1):49-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2007.10.022. Epub 2007 Dec 4.
Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) was discovered in 2001 as a causative agent of respiratory disease in young children, immunocompromised individuals and the elderly. Clinical signs of hMPV infection range from mild respiratory illness to bronchiolitis and pneumonia. Two main genetic lineages of hMPV that circulate worldwide were found to be antigenically different, but antibodies against the F protein, the major determinant of protection, were shown to be cross-protective. Since the discovery of hMPV in 2001, several research groups have developed vaccine candidates that may be used to protect different risk groups against hMPV-induced respiratory disease. The studies in rodent and non-human primate models look promising, but none of the vaccine candidates has been tested yet in human volunteers. Here we give an overview of the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a variety of live attenuated, virus vectored, inactivated virus and subunit vaccines that have been tested in animal models.
人偏肺病毒（hMPV）于2001年被发现，是引起幼儿、免疫功能低下者和老年人呼吸道疾病的病原体。hMPV感染的临床症状从轻度呼吸道疾病到细支气管炎和肺炎不等。已发现全球流行的hMPV的两个主要基因谱系在抗原性上有所不同，但针对主要保护性决定因素F蛋白的抗体显示具有交叉保护作用。自2001年发现hMPV以来，多个研究小组已开发出候选疫苗，可用于保护不同风险群体免受hMPV引起的呼吸道疾病。在啮齿动物和非人类灵长类动物模型中的研究看起来很有前景，但尚无候选疫苗在人类志愿者中进行过测试。在此，我们概述了已在动物模型中进行测试的多种减毒活疫苗、病毒载体疫苗、灭活病毒疫苗和亚单位疫苗的免疫原性和保护效果。
