Austin Erika Laine, Andersen Ronald, Gelberg Lillian
Department of Sociology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Womens Health Issues. 2008 Jan-Feb;18(1):26-34. doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2007.08.005.
Homeless women experience high rates of mental distress. We sought to determine whether ethnic differences exist in the relationship between the predisposing and enabling domains of the Gelberg-Andersen Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations and mental distress.
We selected 821 homeless women in the Los Angeles area using a representative probability sampling design and invited them to participate in face-to-face interviews. The sample was 67% African American, 17% Hispanic, and 16% White.
We identified a number of ethnic differences in the correlates of mental distress. Being partnered or married was associated with greater distress among African American and White women, and experiencing competing needs was predictive of distress for African Americans and Hispanics.
A variety of factors contribute to mental distress among different ethnic groups of homeless women; these differences should be considered in the development of culturally appropriate services designed to address mental health problems among homeless populations.
无家可归的女性精神困扰发生率很高。我们试图确定在弱势群体的格尔伯格 - 安德森行为模型的易患因素和促成因素与精神困扰之间的关系中是否存在种族差异。
我们采用代表性概率抽样设计，在洛杉矶地区选取了821名无家可归的女性，并邀请她们参加面对面访谈。样本中67%为非裔美国人，17%为西班牙裔，16%为白人。
我们在精神困扰的相关因素中发现了一些种族差异。有伴侣或已婚与非裔美国人和白人女性的更大困扰相关，而经历相互冲突的需求对非裔美国人和西班牙裔来说是困扰的预测因素。
多种因素导致不同种族的无家可归女性出现精神困扰；在制定旨在解决无家可归人群心理健康问题的文化适宜服务时，应考虑这些差异。
