Fisher Celia B, Fried Adam L, Anushko Andrea
Center for Ethics Education, Fordham University, New York City, USA.
J Am Coll Health. 2007 Nov-Dec;56(3):217-30. doi: 10.3200/JACH.56.3.217-230.
The authors developed and validated measures of college drinking expectations, psychosocial influences, and values.
Freshmen at college entry (N = 320) and the end of freshman year (N = 420) participated.
The College Drinking Influences Survey, administered in paper and Web-based versions, consists of 3 distinct scales: (1) the College Drinking Expectations Scale assesses expectations for drinking norms and consequences; (2) the Psychosocial Drinking Inventory evaluates social influences, stress, and sensation seeking; and (3) the Drinking Values Scale assesses drinking decisions based on personal choice, social responsibility, and institutional obligation.
Factor analysis, interitem reliability, and correlations with existing instruments demonstrated validity and reliability. Differences between the sexes were in predicted directions, and multiple regression using subscale scores as predictors accounted for significant variance in drinking behaviors across the freshman year.
Data support the usefulness of the scales for identifying student alcohol risk and protective factors.
作者开发并验证了关于大学生饮酒期望、心理社会影响和价值观的测量方法。
大学入学时的新生（N = 320）和大一学年末的学生（N = 420）参与了研究。
《大学饮酒影响调查》有纸质版和网络版，由3个不同的量表组成：（1）《大学饮酒期望量表》评估对饮酒规范和后果的期望；（2）《心理社会饮酒量表》评估社会影响、压力和寻求刺激；（3）《饮酒价值观量表》评估基于个人选择、社会责任和机构义务的饮酒决策。
因子分析、项目间信度以及与现有工具的相关性证明了效度和信度。性别差异符合预期方向，使用子量表分数作为预测变量的多元回归解释了大一学年饮酒行为的显著差异。
数据支持这些量表在识别学生酒精风险和保护因素方面的有用性。
