意大利东北部一个健康区学龄前儿童的龋齿经历及其20年趋势

Preschoolers' dental caries experience and its trend over 20 years in a North-East Italian Health District.

作者信息

Ferro R, Besostri A, Olivieri A, Stellini E, Mazzoleni S

机构信息

Dentistry Unit, Cittadella Hospital - Veneto Region, Italy.

出版信息

Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2007 Dec;8(4):199-204.

PMID:18163856

Abstract

AIM

To describe dental caries occurrence among preschool children in a Health District in the North-East of Italy by age, gender and immigrant background; 2) to plot a trend of primary dentition dental caries over a 20 year time span.

STUDY DESIGN

Observational cross-sectional survey.

METHODS

41 out of 88 kindergartens were randomly selected, originating a sample of 3470 preschoolers out of 7,061 overall school attenders. Dentinal caries occurrence was evaluated by 2 calibrated examiners at school on 2,524 3-5-year-olds from October 2004 to June 2005. The participants were divided into 2 subgroups depending on the country of origin of their mothers: non-western (IG or immigrant group) and western (WG). Two previous surveys performed in the same area were used to plot a trend over a 20 year period.

STATISTICS

Comparisons between groups were made using the Pearson chi-squared test and caries risk estimation was established by logistic regression analysis to assess the influence of sex, age and ethnicity (independent variables) on caries experience (dependent variable). Risk was summarised as odds ratio plus 95% CI.

RESULTS

Prevalence (%) and severity (mean dmft +/- SD) increased by age (15% - 0.6 +/- 1.9 at 3 years of age; 25% - 1.1 +/- 2.6 at 4; 32% - 1.3 +/- 2.7 at 5) and were significantly different (p<0.01) between the two groups: 23% (WG) vs 54% (IG) and 0.9 +/- 2.2. (WG) vs 3.4 +/- 4.3. The level of untreated caries was high: 88.9% in WG vs 97.1% in IG. From 1984 to 2004 prevalence and severity of dental caries declined at all examined ages.

CONCLUSION

The current dental scores in preschoolers are low and similar to those reported in other Western European countries. These good scores have been achieved through a strong decline occurred over the last two decades. As regards the Italian recent social phenomenon of immigration, nowadays being an immigrant child is a strong determinant of dental caries.

摘要

目的

按年龄、性别和移民背景描述意大利东北部一个健康区学龄前儿童的龋齿发生情况；2）绘制20年期间乳牙龋齿的发展趋势。

研究设计

观察性横断面调查。

方法

从88所幼儿园中随机选取41所，在7061名在校儿童中产生了3470名学龄前儿童的样本。2004年10月至2005年6月，由2名经过校准的检查人员在学校对2524名3至5岁儿童的牙本质龋齿发生情况进行评估。参与者根据其母亲的原籍国分为两个亚组：非西方（IG或移民组）和西方（WG）。利用之前在同一地区进行的两项调查来绘制20年期间的发展趋势。

统计学方法

采用Pearson卡方检验进行组间比较，并通过逻辑回归分析确定龋齿风险估计值，以评估性别、年龄和种族（自变量）对龋齿经历（因变量）的影响。风险以比值比加95%置信区间表示。

结果

患病率（%）和严重程度（平均dmft±标准差）随年龄增长而增加（3岁时为15% - 0.6±1.9；4岁时为25% - 1.1±2.6；5岁时为32% - 1.3±2.7），两组之间存在显著差异（p<0.01）：23%（WG）对54%（IG），0.9±2.2（WG）对3.4±4.3。未治疗龋齿的水平较高：WG组为88.9%，IG组为97.1%。从1984年到2004年，所有检查年龄组的龋齿患病率和严重程度均有所下降。