[Molecular mechanism of fatty acids impact on plasma lipid profile (part II)].

Fatty acids, being among the major food components, have the ability of influencing gene expression. Two mechanisms of this process are currently known: direct impact through bonding with a nuclear receptor, mainly PPAR, and indirect influence by changing the abundance/activity of transcriptional factor, e.g. SREBP. The article deals with the effect of fatty acids on genes engaged in lipid synthesis and elimination. It clarifies the mechanisms of changes in lipid metabolism, discussed in the previous paper. The major part of the article is devoted to the mechanisms of fatty acids impact on triglyceride synthesis and elimination, which are well known and documented. Less clear is the influence of fatty acids on cholesterol metabolism. However, the available data on this issue is also discussed.