Amini Elaheh, Ghasemi Mehdi, Daneshjou Khadije
Department of Pediatrics, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Medical Sciences University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Med Sci Monit. 2008 Feb;14(2):CR90-96.
The aim was to determine the prevalence of conjunctivitis and its bacteriological causes in neonates hospitalized in two hospitals in Iran and to evaluate the maternal and newborns' data in conjunctivitis cases.
MATERIAL/METHODS: All newborns presenting at Imam Khomeini and Vali-e-Asr hospitals (2001-2006) with clinical suspicion of conjunctivitis and positive microbiology were studied. The medical files of those with conjunctivitis were assessed.
Of 4021 neonates examined for the presence of conjunctivitis, 198 (4.9%) had conjunctivitis. Sixty-five percent of the cases had been delivered by cesarean section, 47% and 11% had histories of maternal premature rupture of membrane (PROM) and genitourinary infection, respectively, 65% were preterm, and 61% and 32% had low weight and APGAR score below 7 at birth, respectively. In addition, 22% had septicemia. The most common organism causing ophthalmia was S. aureus (31%), followed by E. coli (23%), S. epidermis (22%), Klebsiella (10%), N. gonorrhea (3%), C. trachomatis (2%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2%). In the neonates with septicemia the most common cause of conjunctivitis was E. coli (38%). Neonates with E. coli conjunctivitis had a significantly (P<0.05) higher rate of a history of maternal genitourinary infection and a higher rate of septicemia than non-E. coli cases.
The prevalence of 4.9% found here is consistent with other reports ranging from 1.6 to 12% of neonates. Data such as birth weight, APGAR score, presence of septicemia, maternal genitourinary infections, and PROM may play a role in the development of neonatal conjunctivitis by different pathogens.
本研究旨在确定伊朗两家医院住院新生儿结膜炎的患病率及其细菌学病因，并评估结膜炎病例中母亲和新生儿的数据。
材料/方法：对2001年至2006年在伊玛目霍梅尼医院和瓦利 - 阿斯尔医院就诊且临床怀疑患有结膜炎且微生物学检查呈阳性的所有新生儿进行研究。对患有结膜炎的新生儿的病历进行评估。
在4021名接受结膜炎检查的新生儿中，198名（4.9%）患有结膜炎。65%的病例通过剖宫产分娩，47%和11%的母亲分别有胎膜早破（PROM）和泌尿生殖系统感染史，65%为早产儿，61%和32%出生时体重低且阿氏评分低于7分。此外，22%患有败血症。引起眼炎最常见的病原体是金黄色葡萄球菌（31%），其次是大肠杆菌（23%）、表皮葡萄球菌（22%）、克雷伯菌（10%）、淋病奈瑟菌（3%）、沙眼衣原体（2%）和铜绿假单胞菌（2%）。在患有败血症的新生儿中，结膜炎最常见的病因是大肠杆菌（38%）。与非大肠杆菌感染的病例相比，患有大肠杆菌性结膜炎的新生儿母亲泌尿生殖系统感染史的发生率显著更高（P<0.05），败血症发生率也更高。
本研究发现的4.9%的患病率与其他报道的1.6%至12%的新生儿患病率一致。出生体重、阿氏评分、败血症的存在、母亲泌尿生殖系统感染和胎膜早破等数据可能在不同病原体导致新生儿结膜炎的发病过程中起作用。
