Chen E R
Department of Parasitology, Kaohsiung Medical College, Taiwan.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1991 Dec;22 Suppl:62-4.
More than 50 species of zoonotic parasites (nematodes-18 spp., trematodes-19 spp., cestodes-10 spp., protozoa-2 spp., and arthropods-2 spp.) have been reported in Taiwan. Among them, Angiostrongylus cantonensis, Clonorchis sinensis and Taenia saginata are the most important and most common food-borne parasites. Angiostrongyliasis is highly endemic in southern and eastern Taiwan. About 80% of patients are children below 15 years of age, mostly infected after eating Achatina fulica during May and September. Patients residing in the mountainous and remote areas are more susceptible than those in the urban districts. Cipangopaludina chinensis and Ampullarium canaliculatus are additional important sources of infection. Albendazole is effective in treating infections in animals. Levamisole has been shown to shorten and lighten the course and symptoms in clinical trials. Clonorchiasis is endemic in Miao-li in northern, Sun-moon lake in central, and Mei-nung in southern Taiwan. Recent surveys, however, have shown endemic areas to be more extensive. Hakkanese and farmers have a greater tendency of infection than other groups. Praziquantel, 3 doses of 20 mg/kg body weight for one day, is an effective treatment. Taeniasis saginata is mainly caused by eating raw beef or viscera of wild animals by the aborigines. A single dose of 150 mg praziquantel cures almost 100%.
台湾已报告50多种人兽共患寄生虫（线虫18种、吸虫19种、绦虫10种、原生动物2种、节肢动物2种）。其中，广州管圆线虫、华支睾吸虫和牛带绦虫是最重要且最常见的食源性寄生虫。广州管圆线虫病在台湾南部和东部高度流行。约80%的患者为15岁以下儿童，大多在5月至9月期间食用福寿螺后感染。居住在山区和偏远地区的患者比市区患者更易感染。中国圆田螺和福寿螺也是重要的感染源。阿苯达唑对治疗动物感染有效。左旋咪唑在临床试验中已显示可缩短病程并减轻症状。华支睾吸虫病在台湾北部的苗栗、中部的日月潭和南部的美浓流行。然而，最近的调查显示流行地区更为广泛。客家人和农民比其他群体感染倾向更大。吡喹酮，一日3剂，每千克体重20毫克，是一种有效的治疗方法。牛带绦虫病主要是原住民食用生牛肉或野生动物内脏所致。单剂150毫克吡喹酮几乎可100%治愈。
