Panagiotakos Demosthenes B, Kinlaw Mallory, Papaerakleous Natasa, Papoutsou Stalo, Toutouzas Pavlos, Polychronopoulos Evangelos
Department of Nutrition Science and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
J Clin Nurs. 2008 Mar;17(5):688-95. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2007.02056.x.
The purpose of this paper is to explore the link between symptoms of depression and the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in older adults.
During 2005, 136 older men and 164 women from various parts of Cyprus agreed to participate in the study. The sampling was random and multistage (according to age-sex distribution of the referent population). All participants were living in the community and not in institutions. Among several socio-demographic, bioclinical, lifestyle and dietary characteristics, depressive symptoms were assessed using the short version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS).
Participants without signs of depression, typically, have fewer cardiovascular risk factors (i.e. hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes and obesity) than those with moderate or severe symptoms. Even when behavioural variables (e.g. diet, smoking, exercise) are statistically controlled, participants that are higher than others on depression are more likely to have hypertension and/or hypercholesterolemia than those with lower scores. Every one-unit increase in GDS score (range 0-15) is associated with a 12% higher likelihood of having an additional cardiovascular disease risk factor.
Symptoms of depression are positively associated with the number of cardiovascular risk factors in 'healthy' older adults, irrespective of lifestyle behaviours (e.g. smoking, dietary intake and physical activity).
Healthcare providers should consider the implications of both the presence and nature of this relationship in their continuing care of older adults.
本文旨在探讨老年人抑郁症状与心血管危险因素患病率之间的联系。
2005年期间，来自塞浦路斯各地的136名老年男性和164名女性同意参与该研究。抽样是随机且多阶段的（根据参考人群的年龄-性别分布）。所有参与者均居住在社区而非机构中。在若干社会人口统计学、生物临床、生活方式和饮食特征中，使用老年抑郁量表（GDS）简版评估抑郁症状。
通常，没有抑郁迹象的参与者比有中度或重度症状的参与者具有更少的心血管危险因素（即高血压、高胆固醇血症、糖尿病和肥胖）。即使在对行为变量（如饮食、吸烟、运动）进行统计学控制后，抑郁程度高于其他人的参与者比得分较低者更有可能患有高血压和/或高胆固醇血症。GDS评分（范围为0 - 15）每增加一个单位，患额外心血管疾病危险因素的可能性就会增加12%。
在“健康”老年人中，抑郁症状与心血管危险因素的数量呈正相关，与生活方式行为（如吸烟、饮食摄入和体育活动）无关。
医疗保健提供者在对老年人的持续护理中应考虑这种关系的存在及其性质所带来的影响。
