Zilli Eric A, Hasselmo Michael E
Program in Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Center for Memory and Brain, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Neuroreport. 2008 Mar 5;19(4):459-62. doi: 10.1097/WNR.0b013e3282f5f76f.
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is a rare genetic disorder, caused by a mutation in the gene coding for the enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase, which is characterized by hyperuricemia and its associated symptoms along with motor disorders and compulsive self-mutilation. We show that the temporal difference learning algorithm that has been often used to interpret dopaminergic activity in the basal ganglia offers an explanation for the self-mutilation behaviors. We propose that a dysfunctional dopamine signal inadvertently reinforces early, accidental injurious behavior that is initially caused by clumsiness owing to the motor disorders. Simulations of this model reproduce findings on the results of behavioral treatments for dealing with self-mutilation behaviors.
莱施-奈恩综合征是一种罕见的遗传性疾病,由编码次黄嘌呤-鸟嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶的基因突变引起,其特征为高尿酸血症及其相关症状,以及运动障碍和强迫性自残行为。我们发现,常被用于解释基底神经节中多巴胺能活动的时间差分学习算法能够为自残行为提供一种解释。我们提出,功能失调的多巴胺信号会无意中强化早期的意外伤害行为,这些行为最初是由运动障碍导致的笨拙引起的。该模型的模拟再现了针对自残行为的行为治疗结果的相关发现。