[Genetic aspects of aging].

State of art in genetic of ageing is reviewed. Deciphering of human genome and recent advances in functional genomics contributed a lot to significant achievements in molecular medicine as well as in understanding of ageing mechanisms. Progressive transcriptome degeneration caused by expression modulations of specific aging genes underlies visible physiological, biochemical and hormonal changes in aging human bodies. Each human subject should be considered as physiological mosaic composed of the tissues and organs of different age. The existence of weak genetic chain confined to particular organ or tissue provides potential substrate for severe chronic disorders in aging people. Two main groups of the aging genes are highlighted: 1. Longevity genes identified in population studies of old people, and 2. The genes identified and proved in aging studies in experimental species. Already existing and feasible molecular approaches for extending of active human longevity are reviewed. They include targeted modulation of aging gene activity, as well as presymptomatic diagnostics and relevant preventive measures of severe and frequent multifactorial diseases. Combining of already known empirical methods of anti-aging medicine with unique genetic profile of each human (gene-pass) renders new awarding opportunities for the further advancements of human longevity programs.