Vassilieva Elena V, Nusrat Asma
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2008;440:3-14. doi: 10.1007/978-1-59745-178-9_1.
Intracellular trafficking of membrane-coated vesicles represents a fundamental process that controls the architecture of different intracellular compartments and communication between the cell and its environment. Major trafficking pathways consist of an inward flux of endocytic vesicles from the plasma membrane and an outward flux of exocytic vesicles to the plasma membrane. This overview describes a number of molecular biology tools commonly used to analyze endocytic and exocytic pathways. The overall emphasis is on major proteins responsible for vesicle formation, recognition, and fusion. These include components of vesicle coats, adaptor complexes, SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) proteins, and Rab guanosine 5'-triphosphatases (GTPases), which represent attractive targets for genetic manipulation aimed at unraveling mechanisms of endocytosis and exocytosis.
膜包被囊泡的细胞内运输是一个基本过程，它控制着不同细胞内区室的结构以及细胞与其环境之间的通讯。主要的运输途径包括来自质膜的内吞囊泡的内向流动和向外排泌囊泡到质膜的外向流动。本综述描述了一些常用于分析内吞和外排途径的分子生物学工具。总体重点是负责囊泡形成、识别和融合的主要蛋白质。这些包括囊泡衣被成分、衔接蛋白复合体、SNARE（可溶性N-乙基马来酰亚胺敏感因子附着蛋白受体）蛋白和Rab鸟苷5'-三磷酸酶（GTP酶），它们是旨在阐明内吞和外排机制的基因操作的有吸引力的靶点。
