Segers V, De Clercq D, Janssens M, Bourgois J, Philippaerts R
Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Br J Sports Med. 2008 Apr;42(4):289-94. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2007.035915.
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of maturity on running economy in a population of young soccer players.
13 boys (mean age 14.3 years) active in soccer were divided into two groups: 6 early and 7 late maturers. Anthropometrical characteristics, respiratory exchange ratio, heart rate and maximal oxygen uptake were measured. Running economy was assessed at three submaximal running speeds (8, 9.5 and 11 km/h). Allometric coefficients were calculated and used to diminish the effect of body mass. In addition, running style was analysed biomechanically (stride length and meaningful kinematic values).
There was no significant difference in the running economy of early and late maturing soccer players, nor any significant differences in mass adjusted physiological values. Therefore physiological differences cannot explain why late maturers succeed in keeping up with early maturers. Late maturing boys take longer relative strides, and have more anteversion of the thigh at heel contact, a smaller knee-angle during swing-phase and a lower mass moment of inertia.
Running style seems to be an important determinant in running economy of children.
本研究旨在调查成熟度对年轻足球运动员群体跑步经济性的影响。
13名活跃于足球运动的男孩（平均年龄14.3岁）被分为两组：6名早熟者和7名晚熟者。测量了人体测量学特征、呼吸交换率、心率和最大摄氧量。在三个亚最大跑步速度（8、9.5和11公里/小时）下评估跑步经济性。计算了异速生长系数并用于减少体重的影响。此外，对跑步方式进行了生物力学分析（步幅和有意义的运动学值）。
早熟和晚熟足球运动员的跑步经济性没有显著差异，质量调整后的生理值也没有显著差异。因此，生理差异无法解释为什么晚熟者能够跟上早熟者。晚熟男孩的相对步幅更长，足跟接触时大腿前倾更多，摆动期膝关节角度更小，质量惯性矩更低。
跑步方式似乎是儿童跑步经济性的一个重要决定因素。
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