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拟南芥VIII类肌球蛋白ATM2参与内吞作用。

The Arabidopsis class VIII myosin ATM2 is involved in endocytosis.

作者信息

Sattarzadeh Amirali, Franzen Rainer, Schmelzer Elmon

机构信息

Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Central Microscopy, Cologne, Germany.

出版信息

Cell Motil Cytoskeleton. 2008 Jun;65(6):457-68. doi: 10.1002/cm.20271.

Abstract

Members of the class XI of the myosin superfamily comprising higher plant, actin-based molecular motors have been shown to be involved in peroxisome and Golgi vesicle trafficking comparable to yeast and animal class V myosins. The tasks of the second class of myosins of higher plants, class VIII, are unclear. In this study the class VIII myosin ATM2 from the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana was selected for the examination of cargo specificity in vivo. Fluorescent protein-fusion plasmid constructs with fragments of the ATM2 cDNA were generated and used for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-based transient transformation of Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. The resulting subcellular localization patterns were recorded by live imaging with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) in epidermal leaf cells. Expression of a nearly full-length construct displayed labeling of filaments and vesicles, a head + neck fragment led to decoration of filaments only. However, expression of fluorescent protein-tagged C-terminal tail domain constructs labeled vesicular structures of different appearance. Most importantly, coexpression of different RFP/YFP-ATM2 tail fusion proteins showed colocalization and, hence, binding to the same type of vesicular target. Further coexpression experiments of RFP/YFP-ATM2 tail fusion proteins with the endosomal marker FYVE and the endosomal tracer FM4-64 demonstrated colocalization with endosomes. Colocalization was also detected by expression of the CFP-tagged membrane receptor BRI1 as marker, which is constantly recycled via endosomes. Occasionally the ATM2 tail targeted to sites at the plasma membrane closely resembling the pattern obtained upon expression of the YFP-ATM1 C-terminal tail. ATM1 is known for its localization at the plasma membrane at sites of plasmodesmata.

摘要

肌球蛋白超家族的XI类成员包含高等植物中基于肌动蛋白的分子马达,已被证明参与过氧化物酶体和高尔基体囊泡运输,这与酵母和动物的V类肌球蛋白类似。高等植物第二类肌球蛋白,即VIII类肌球蛋白的功能尚不清楚。在本研究中,选用模式植物拟南芥中的VIII类肌球蛋白ATM2来检测其在体内的货物特异性。构建了带有ATM2 cDNA片段的荧光蛋白融合质粒,并用于基于根癌农杆菌的本氏烟草叶片瞬时转化。通过共聚焦激光扫描显微镜(CLSM)对表皮叶细胞进行实时成像,记录由此产生的亚细胞定位模式。一个近乎全长的构建体的表达显示出细丝和囊泡的标记,一个头部+颈部片段仅导致细丝的修饰。然而,荧光蛋白标记的C末端尾部结构域构建体的表达标记了不同外观的囊泡结构。最重要的是,不同的RFP/YFP-ATM2尾部融合蛋白的共表达显示出共定位,因此,它们与同一类型的囊泡靶标结合。RFP/YFP-ATM2尾部融合蛋白与内体标记物FYVE和内体示踪剂FM4-64的进一步共表达实验证明了与内体的共定位。通过表达CFP标记的膜受体BRI1作为标记也检测到了共定位,BRI1通过内体不断循环。偶尔,ATM2尾部靶向质膜上的位点,与YFP-ATM1 C末端尾部表达时获得的模式非常相似。已知ATM1定位于胞间连丝处的质膜。

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