[蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫：两种诊断方法的比较及甲硝唑治疗反应的评估]

Guerreiro N M, Herrera P M, de Escalona L, de Kolster C E, de Yanes V G, de Febres O, Naveda O, de Naveda M

Departamento de Pediatría, Universidad de Carabobo.

G E N. 1991 Apr-Jun;45(2):105-10.

During the period from March through November 1989, 70 children who were attended at the Pediatric Department at Central Hospital in Valencia, were enrolled in the study, it was thought that Giardia lamblia infection might be present. Giardia L. were identified using two different diagnostic procedures: from stool samples and duodenal aspirates for cysts or trophozoites examination. These children were treated with Metronidazole three dosage of 15, 30 and 50 mg/kg per day for a ten day period. Our study showed predominant giardiasis in children with ages ranging from 2 to 6 years old (60%) with a relationship between female and male sex 1.05:1. In this series, 72.8% of patients presented normal nutrition, and 55.7% of them were from the suburban area. The most frequent symptoms were abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal distention, constipation and flatulence. The infants prevalent symptom was diarrhea (83.3%) and the older children and school children prevalent symptom was abdominal pain with 78.5 and 100% respectively. In this study, stool examination was positive in 97.1% of the children and duodenal aspirate was positive in all 70 children (100%); the first procedure showed predominant Giardia cysts (88.2%) and the second one showed predominant trophozoites (47.1%). All 70 patients (100%) were cured with Metronidazole to different dosage. Side effects were seen with only the maxim dose, such as nausea 40%, headache 10% and appearance of yeast into 50% of duodenal aspirate.

在1989年3月至11月期间，瓦伦西亚中心医院儿科接收的70名儿童被纳入该研究，当时认为这些儿童可能感染了蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫。通过两种不同的诊断程序鉴定蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫：从粪便样本和十二指肠抽吸物中检查包囊或滋养体。这些儿童接受甲硝唑治疗，每天分三次服用，剂量分别为15、30和50mg/kg，持续十天。我们的研究表明，2至6岁的儿童中贾第虫病最为常见（60%），男女比例为1.05:1。在这个系列中，72.8%的患者营养状况正常，其中55.7%来自郊区。最常见的症状是腹痛、腹泻、呕吐、腹胀、便秘和肠胃胀气。婴儿最常见的症状是腹泻（83.3%），年龄较大的儿童和学童最常见的症状是腹痛，分别为78.5%和100%。在本研究中，97.1%的儿童粪便检查呈阳性，70名儿童的十二指肠抽吸物检查全部呈阳性（100%）；第一种检查方法显示主要为贾第虫包囊（88.2%），第二种检查方法显示主要为滋养体（47.1%）。所有70名患者（100%）使用不同剂量的甲硝唑均治愈。仅在最大剂量时出现副作用，如恶心40%、头痛10%，50%的十二指肠抽吸物中出现酵母菌。