Cao Zhi-guo, Wang Tian-ping, Wu Wei-duo, Zhang Shi-qing, Lv Da-bing, Fang Guo-ren, Zhao Feng, Ling Xian-sheng, Sha Jian-jun, Wang Feng-feng, Zhu Lei
Anhui Institute of Schistosomiasis Control, Wuhu 241000, China.
Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi. 2007 Oct;25(5):385-9.
To investigate the possibility of spread of snails and transmission of schistosomiasis japonica due to the construction of water transfer project from Yangtze River to Huaihe River.
In order to understand the current endemic situation of schistosomiasis in the project area, the distribution of snails was surveyed by routine methods, level of anti-schistosome antibody in human sera was detected by indirect haemagglutination test (IHA), and the prevalence of schistosomiasis in cattle was detected by egg hatching method. The snail survival and reproduction were observed in Chaohu Lake area(experimental area) and a control area for one year.
Snail density was high in two starting points, from where the water in Yangtze River will be directed to Huaihe River. In counties of Wuwei and Hexian, through which the project will be built, the positive rate of anti-schistosome antibody in residents was 22.11% (168/760) and 18.59% (37/199), schistosomiasis prevalence in cattle was 2.42% (9/371) and 0.2% (2/997), respectively. Schistosomiasis was also endemic in Juchao District of Chaohu City. Snails respectively from grassland and hilly area were collected and put in Chaohu Lake for breed and newborn snails were found one year later. During the egg-laying season, the survival rate of snails from grassland in 2 experiment areas and a control area was 11.3%-16.7%, 3.0%-20.8% and 4.7%-14.7% respectively (chi2 = 0.093, 0.760, P > 0.05; chi2 = 0.647, 0, P > 0.05), and that of snails from hilly area was 24.1%-44.4%, 37.8%-67.3% and 86.3%-93.1% respectively (chi2 = 9.575, 5.302, P < 0.05; chi2 = 56.863, 36.218, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the experimental area and the control area on the number of eggs in the ovaries of the same type female snails.
The one-year observation reveals that the construction of the project might result in spread of snails and transmission of schistosomiasis japonica in the relevant areas.
探讨引江济淮工程建设导致钉螺扩散及日本血吸虫病传播的可能性。
为了解项目区血吸虫病的流行现状，采用常规方法调查钉螺分布，用间接血凝试验（IHA）检测人血清抗血吸虫抗体水平，用虫卵孵化法检测牛的血吸虫病感染率。在巢湖地区（试验区）和对照区观察钉螺的生存和繁殖情况1年。
引江济淮工程的两个起点处钉螺密度较高。工程沿线的无为县和和县居民抗血吸虫抗体阳性率分别为22.11%（168/760）和18.59%（37/199），牛的血吸虫病感染率分别为2.42%（9/371）和0.2%（2/997）。巢湖市居巢区也有血吸虫病流行。采集草原和丘陵地区的钉螺放入巢湖养殖，1年后发现有新生钉螺。在产卵季节，2个试验区和1个对照区草原钉螺的成活率分别为11.3% - 16.7%、3.0% - 20.8%和4.7% - 14.7%（χ2 = 0.093，0.760，P > 0.05；χ2 = 0.647，0，P > 0.05），丘陵地区钉螺的成活率分别为24.1% - 44.4%、37.8% - 67.3%和86.3% - 93.1%（χ2 = 9.575，5.302，P < 0.05；χ2 = 56.863，36.218，P < 0.05）。同一类型雌螺卵巢内的卵数在试验区和对照区之间无显著差异。
1年的观察结果表明，该工程建设可能导致相关地区钉螺扩散和日本血吸虫病传播。
