Turck Franziska, Fornara Fabio, Coupland George
Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding, D 50829 Cologne, Germany.
Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2008;59:573-94. doi: 10.1146/annurev.arplant.59.032607.092755.
The transition from vegetative to reproductive growth is controlled by day length in many plant species. Day length is perceived in leaves and induces a systemic signal, called florigen, that moves through the phloem to the shoot apex. At the shoot apical meristem (SAM), florigen causes changes in gene expression that reprogram the SAM to form flowers instead of leaves. Analysis of flowering of Arabidopsis thaliana placed the CONSTANS/FLOWERING LOCUS T (CO/FT) module at the core of a pathway that promotes flowering in response to changes in day length. We describe progress in defining the molecular mechanisms that activate this module in response to changing day length and the increasing evidence that FT protein is a major component of florigen. Finally, we discuss conservation of FT function in other species and how variation in its regulation could generate different flowering behaviors.
在许多植物物种中，从营养生长到生殖生长的转变受日照长度控制。日照长度在叶片中被感知，并诱导一种称为成花素的系统性信号，该信号通过韧皮部移动到茎尖。在茎尖分生组织（SAM）中，成花素引起基因表达的变化，从而对SAM进行重新编程以形成花而非叶。对拟南芥开花的分析将CONSTANS/开花位点T（CO/FT）模块置于响应日照长度变化促进开花的途径核心。我们描述了在确定响应日照长度变化激活该模块的分子机制方面取得的进展，以及越来越多的证据表明FT蛋白是成花素的主要成分。最后，我们讨论了FT功能在其他物种中的保守性，以及其调控变化如何产生不同的开花行为。
