Minami Kohtaro, Seino Susumu
Division of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine.
Nihon Rinsho. 2008 May;66(5):926-31.
Pancreatic beta-cells possess a well-regulated insulin secretory property that maintains systemic glucose homeostasis. Although it has long been thought that differentiated beta-cells are nearly static, recent studies have shown that beta-cell mass dynamically changes throughout the lifetime. The beta-cell mass could be maintained by several mechanisms, including self-replication of pre-existing beta-cells, neogenesis from unidentified stem/progenitor cells, and transdifferentiation from differentiated duct or acinar cells. Recent studies have suggested that self-replication of pre-existing beta-cells is a major source for maintenance of beta-cell mass in adult pancreas. However, regeneration of beta-cells from non-beta-cells does occur under certain conditions, especially in vitro culture systems. In this article, recent progress of regenerative medicine of the pancreas is reviewed.
胰腺β细胞具有调节良好的胰岛素分泌特性，可维持全身葡萄糖稳态。尽管长期以来人们一直认为分化后的β细胞几乎是静止的，但最近的研究表明，β细胞质量在整个生命周期中会动态变化。β细胞质量可通过多种机制维持，包括已存在的β细胞的自我复制、来自未鉴定的干细胞/祖细胞的新生以及分化的导管或腺泡细胞的转分化。最近的研究表明，已存在的β细胞的自我复制是成年胰腺中维持β细胞质量的主要来源。然而，在某些条件下，尤其是在体外培养系统中，确实会发生非β细胞向β细胞的再生。在本文中，将对胰腺再生医学的最新进展进行综述。
