Limacher Aude'marie, Bhagwandin Adhil, Fuxe Kjell, Manger Paul R
School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa.
J Chem Neuroanat. 2008 Sep;36(1):33-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2008.03.007. Epub 2008 Apr 7.
The distribution, morphology and nuclear organization of the cholinergic, putative catecholaminergic and serotonergic systems within the brain of the Cape porcupine (Hystrix africaeaustralis) were identified following immunohistochemistry for choline acetyltransferase, tyrosine hydroxylase and serotonin. The aim of the present study was to investigate possible differences in the complement of nuclear subdivisions of these systems in the Cape porcupine in comparison with previous studies of these systems in other rodents. The Cape porcupine is the largest rodent in which these systems have been examined and has an adult body mass of 10-24kg and an average brain mass of approximately 37g, around 15 times larger than the laboratory rat. The Cape porcupines were taken from the wild and while these differences, especially that of mass, may lead to the prediction of a significant difference in the nuclear organization or number within these systems, all the nuclei observed in all three systems in the laboratory rat and in other rodents had direct homologues in the brain of the Cape porcupine. Moreover, there were no additional nuclei in the brain of the Cape porcupine that are not found in the laboratory rat or other rodents studied and vice versa. It is noted that the medial septal nucleus of the Cape porcupine appeared qualitatively to have a reduced number of neurons in comparison to the laboratory rat and other rodents. The locus coeruleus of the laboratory rat differs in location to that observed for the Cape porcupine and several other rodent species. The Cape porcupine is distantly related to the laboratory rat, but still a member of the order Rodentia; thus, changes in the organization of these systems appears to demonstrate a form of constraint related to the phylogenetic level of the order.
在对胆碱乙酰转移酶、酪氨酸羟化酶和5-羟色胺进行免疫组织化学分析后，确定了南非豪猪（Hystrix africaeaustralis）大脑中胆碱能、假定的儿茶酚胺能和5-羟色胺能系统的分布、形态和核组织。本研究的目的是调查南非豪猪这些系统的核亚群组成与之前对其他啮齿动物这些系统的研究相比可能存在的差异。南非豪猪是已对这些系统进行研究的最大的啮齿动物，其成年体重为10-24千克，平均脑重约为37克，约为实验室大鼠的15倍。南非豪猪取自野外，虽然这些差异，尤其是体重差异，可能会让人预测这些系统的核组织或数量会有显著差异，但在实验室大鼠和其他啮齿动物的所有三个系统中观察到的所有核在南非豪猪的大脑中都有直接的同源物。此外，在南非豪猪大脑中没有发现实验室大鼠或其他研究过的啮齿动物中不存在的额外核，反之亦然。值得注意的是，与实验室大鼠和其他啮齿动物相比，南非豪猪的内侧隔核在数量上似乎有所减少。实验室大鼠的蓝斑在位置上与南非豪猪和其他几种啮齿动物不同。南非豪猪与实验室大鼠的亲缘关系较远，但仍是啮齿目动物的一员；因此，这些系统组织的变化似乎表明了一种与该目系统发育水平相关的限制形式。
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