Marra Fabio, Levy Jean-Luc, Santi Patrizia, Kalia Yogeshvar N
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva and University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland.
J Cosmet Dermatol. 2008 Jun;7(2):105-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1473-2165.2008.00372.x.
Stratum corneum composition and structure limit cutaneous bioavailability of pharmaceutical and cosmetical agents. Electrically assisted transport can increase the rate and extent of delivery; moreover, it also enables the administration of polar and charged molecules into the skin.
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of electrotreatment on skin permeability by measuring the cumulative delivery of caffeine and sodium ascorbyl phosphate. Furthermore, confocal microscopy was used to visualize the effect of electrotreatment on the penetration of calcein.
Porcine ear skin was used for the in vitro permeation studies, which involved application of either the caffeine or sodium ascorbyl phosphate (NAP) containing gels using the roll-on supplied with the electrotreatment device.
Electrotreatment increased the amount of caffeine and NAP in the skin. Enhancement factors (EF) for NAP of 7.2 and 14.9 were observed following 20 min of electrotreatment and either immediate sampling or a further 60 min of passive diffusion compared with passive diffusion for either 20 or 80 min. The effect on caffeine permeation was less significant (EF = 2.1 for 20 min electrotreatment compared with passive diffusion for 20 min). The confocal microscopy images showed that electrotreatment significantly increased calcein permeation; fluorescence was observed deep into the viable epidermis-reaching depths of up to 60 to 80 microns.
We have shown that electrotreatment increases skin permeability and the cumulative delivery of cosmeticals into the skin.
角质层的组成和结构限制了药物和化妆品制剂的皮肤生物利用度。电辅助转运可以提高递送速率和程度；此外，它还能使极性和带电分子进入皮肤。
本研究的目的是通过测量咖啡因和磷酸抗坏血酸钠的累积递送量来研究电处理对皮肤渗透性的影响。此外，使用共聚焦显微镜观察电处理对钙黄绿素渗透的影响。
采用猪耳皮肤进行体外渗透研究，使用电处理装置配备的滚涂器涂抹含咖啡因或磷酸抗坏血酸钠（NAP）的凝胶。
电处理增加了皮肤中咖啡因和NAP的含量。与20分钟或80分钟的被动扩散相比，电处理20分钟后立即取样或再进行60分钟被动扩散，NAP的增强因子（EF）分别为7.2和14.9。电处理对咖啡因渗透的影响较小（电处理20分钟时的EF = 2.1，与20分钟的被动扩散相比）。共聚焦显微镜图像显示，电处理显著增加了钙黄绿素的渗透；在活表皮深处观察到荧光，深度可达60至80微米。
我们已经证明，电处理可增加皮肤渗透性以及化妆品在皮肤中的累积递送量。
