Nakamura Kozue, Nagata Chisato, Oba Shino, Takatsuka Naoyoshi, Shimizu Hiroyuki
Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
J Nutr. 2008 Jun;138(6):1129-34. doi: 10.1093/jn/138.6.1129.
Some epidemiological studies undertaken in Western countries have demonstrated that high intake of fruit and vegetables results in decreased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The objective of this study was to examine the hypothesis that high intake of fruit and vegetables lowers CVD mortality in a population-based cohort of Japanese subjects. In 1992, fruit and vegetable intake was assessed in 13,355 men and 15,724 women in Takayama, Gifu, Japan using a validated FFQ. During the follow-up (1992-99), 200 men and 184 women died from CVD. For women, the highest quartile of vegetable intake compared with the lowest was marginally significant and inversely associated with CVD mortality after adjusting for total energy, age, and nondietary and dietary covariates [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.62; 95% CI, 0.36-1.08; P-trend = 0.007]. An inverse trend with borderline significance was also observed in fruit intake, excluding CVD deaths in the first 2 y of this study, after adjusting for the above-mentioned covariates (HR = 0.83; 95% CI, 0.51-1.34; P-trend = 0.10). In men, CVD death was not associated with fruit (HR = 1.16; 95% Cl, 0.77-1.74; P-trend = 0.61) and vegetable (HR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.49-1.34; P-trend = 0.47) intake. These data suggest that higher intake of vegetables is associated with reduced risk of death from CVD for women.
西方国家开展的一些流行病学研究表明，大量摄入水果和蔬菜可降低心血管疾病（CVD）风险。本研究的目的是检验以下假设：在以日本人群为基础的队列中，大量摄入水果和蔬菜可降低CVD死亡率。1992年，在日本岐阜县高山市，使用经过验证的食物频率问卷（FFQ）对13355名男性和15724名女性的水果和蔬菜摄入量进行了评估。在随访期间（1992 - 1999年），有200名男性和184名女性死于CVD。对于女性，在调整总能量、年龄以及非饮食和饮食协变量后，蔬菜摄入量最高四分位数组与最低四分位数组相比，与CVD死亡率呈边缘显著的负相关[风险比（HR）= 0.62；95%置信区间（CI），0.36 - 1.08；P趋势 = 0.007]。在调整上述协变量后，排除本研究前2年的CVD死亡病例，水果摄入量也观察到具有临界显著性的负相关趋势（HR = 0.83；95% CI，0.51 - 1.34；P趋势 = 0.10）。在男性中，CVD死亡与水果摄入量（HR = 1.16；95% CI，0.77 - 1.74；P趋势 = 0.61）和蔬菜摄入量（HR = 0.81，95% CI：0.49 - 1.34；P趋势 = 0.47）均无关联。这些数据表明，较高的蔬菜摄入量与女性CVD死亡风险降低相关。
