Tursic Janja, Radić Helena, Kovacević Miroslav, Veber Marjan
Environmental Agency of the Republic of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2008 Jun;59(2):111-6. doi: 10.2478/10004-1254-59-2008-1872.
Determination of trace element concentrations in atmospheric aerosols is important because of their toxic effects on human health. Additionally, they are now widely used in source apportionment studies. There is a number of methods for sample preparation of ambient particulate matter. One of the most widely used is microwave-assisted digestion of filter-based samples. Since the water-soluble fraction is bioavaliable, the aim of our study was to determine the concentration of selected trace elements (V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sb, Tl, and Pb) in this fraction and compare it to the amounts obtained by two different microwave digestion procedures - one using a mixture of H2O2 and HNO3 and the other using a mixture of HF, HCl, and HNO3. The recoveries of the digestion procedures used were tested on certified reference material (NIST SRM 1648 Urban Particulate Matter). The procedures were applied to filters containing PM10 particles collected at an urban background location in Ljubljana, Slovenia. Among the elements analysed, V, Zn, As, and Cd displayed the highest concentration within the water-soluble fraction, with Cr, Ni, Tl and Pb displaying the lowest concentrations. The comparison between the two applied digestion procedures showed that Cr, Ni, Sb and Tl were strongly bound to the sample matrix.
测定大气气溶胶中的微量元素浓度很重要,因为它们对人体健康有毒害作用。此外,它们现在广泛用于源解析研究。有多种用于环境颗粒物样品制备的方法。其中使用最广泛的一种是基于滤膜样品的微波辅助消解。由于水溶性部分具有生物可利用性,我们研究的目的是测定该部分中选定微量元素(钒、铬、锰、镍、铜、锌、砷、镉、锑、铊和铅)的浓度,并将其与通过两种不同微波消解程序获得的量进行比较——一种使用过氧化氢和硝酸的混合物,另一种使用氢氟酸、盐酸和硝酸的混合物。所使用消解程序的回收率在有证标准物质(NIST SRM 1648城市颗粒物)上进行了测试。这些程序应用于在斯洛文尼亚卢布尔雅那的城市背景地点采集的含有PM10颗粒的滤膜。在所分析的元素中,钒、锌、砷和镉在水溶性部分中浓度最高,而铬、镍、铊和铅浓度最低。两种应用的消解程序之间的比较表明,铬、镍、锑和铊与样品基质强烈结合。