Adeyemi Bukola F, Adekunle Lola V, Kolude Bamidele M, Akang Effiong E U, Lawoyin Jonathan O
Department of Oral Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
J Natl Med Assoc. 2008 Jun;100(6):690-7. doi: 10.1016/s0027-9684(15)31343-2.
Head and neck cancers display diverse patterns of biological behavior and considerable variation in geographical distribution. This study presents an analysis of head and neck cancer in a Nigerian tertiary healthcare center. It comprises cases diagnosed at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria, 1991-2005. Out of 1,750 head and neck tumors, 972 (55.5%) were malignant and 778 (44.5%) were benign. Cancers displayed male predominance, with a gender ratio of 1.8:1. The mean age of cancer patients was 43.8 +/- 19.6 years. Carcinomas constituted 71.7% of head and neck cancers, with 2.4% occurring in children and overall mean age of 48.2 years. Squamous cell carcinoma comprised 66.7% of carcinomas and 47.8% of all head and neck cancers. Hematopoietic malignancies constituted 20.4% of head and neck cancers, and comprised mainly lymphomas, which accounted for 19.3% of all head and neck cancers. The mean age of patients with hematopoietic malignancies was 34.9 years. The most common childhood malignancy was Burkitt's lymphoma, which comprised 28.2% of pediatric head and neck cancers. Connective tissue tumors constituted 7.9% of all cancers, the most common being rhabdomyosarcoma, accounting for 44.2% of sarcomas. The mean age of patients with sarcomas was 26.5 years. There is a need for uniformity in the definition of head and neck cancer so as to permit comparison of international studies. In addition, prospective population-based studies are required to determine the national incidence and to identify risk factors for head and neck cancer in the Nigerian population.
头颈癌呈现出多样的生物学行为模式，且在地理分布上存在显著差异。本研究对尼日利亚一家三级医疗中心的头颈癌进行了分析。研究对象包括1991年至2005年在尼日利亚伊巴丹大学学院医院确诊的病例。在1750例头颈肿瘤中，972例（55.5%）为恶性，778例（44.5%）为良性。癌症患者以男性居多，性别比为1.8:1。癌症患者的平均年龄为43.8±19.6岁。癌占头颈癌的71.7%，其中2.4%发生于儿童，总体平均年龄为48.2岁。鳞状细胞癌占癌的66.7%，占所有头颈癌的47.8%。造血系统恶性肿瘤占头颈癌的20.4%，主要为淋巴瘤，占所有头颈癌的19.3%。造血系统恶性肿瘤患者的平均年龄为34.9岁。最常见的儿童恶性肿瘤是伯基特淋巴瘤，占儿童头颈癌的28.2%。结缔组织肿瘤占所有癌症的7.9%，最常见的是横纹肌肉瘤，占肉瘤的44.2%。肉瘤患者的平均年龄为26.5岁。有必要对头颈癌的定义进行统一，以便能够比较国际研究。此外，需要开展基于人群的前瞻性研究，以确定尼日利亚全国的发病率，并识别尼日利亚人群头颈癌的危险因素。
