Kleinman Monica E, Srinivasan Vijay
Department of Anesthesia, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 2008 Aug;55(4):943-67, xi. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2008.04.011.
Cardiac arrest in infants and children is a rare but critical event that typically follows a period of respiratory or circulatory compromise and has a low survival rate. The only intervention demonstrated to increase survival rate is the provision of bystander CPR. This article examines the pathophysiology of the postarrest reperfusion state; postresuscitation care of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems; postresuscitation neurologic management; therapeutic hypothermia; blood glucose control; immunologic disturbances and infections; coagulation abnormalities; and gastrointestinal and hepatic dysfunction, among other topics.
婴儿和儿童心脏骤停是一种罕见但危急的事件，通常发生在呼吸或循环功能受损一段时间之后，且存活率较低。唯一被证明能提高存活率的干预措施是旁观者进行心肺复苏术（CPR）。本文探讨了心脏骤停后再灌注状态的病理生理学；呼吸和心血管系统的复苏后护理；复苏后神经管理；治疗性低温；血糖控制；免疫紊乱和感染；凝血异常；以及胃肠和肝功能障碍等主题。
