Ducatman A M, Forman S, Teichman R, Gleason R
Environmental Medical Service, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139.
J Occup Med. 1991 May;33(5):613-8.
Increased provision of occupational health services outside the workplace has been accompanied by signs of change in the quantity and structure of in-house corporate services. The occupational physician:employee ratios of the 25 largest US corporations were compared with each other, with the probable level of hazard as suggested by Bureau of Labor Statistics reports, and with both gross and per-capita measures of profitability. We infer that large corporations still employ a disproportionate share of available occupational health expertise. Oil and chemical companies employ the largest number of occupational physicians per capita; computer, electronics, and scientific equipment manufacturers employ the largest number of occupational physicians per capita relative to occupational illness/injury/lost workdays per capita. Tobacco companies employ the fewest occupational physicians by either measure. Corporate profitability explained more than half the variability for the one large within-sector comparison and appeared most related to employment practices for the most-successful and least-successful companies.
工作场所以外职业健康服务供应的增加伴随着企业内部服务在数量和结构上的变化迹象。将美国最大的25家公司的职业医生与员工的比例相互进行比较，与劳工统计局报告所显示的可能的危险水平进行比较，并与总利润率和人均利润率指标进行比较。我们推断，大公司仍然雇佣了占可用职业健康专业知识不成比例的份额。石油和化工公司人均雇佣的职业医生数量最多；计算机、电子和科学设备制造商相对于人均职业疾病/伤害/误工天数而言，人均雇佣的职业医生数量最多。无论以哪种衡量标准，烟草公司雇佣的职业医生数量最少。在一项大型行业内部比较中，企业盈利能力解释了超过一半的变异性，并且似乎与最成功和最不成功公司的雇佣做法最为相关。
