Utz Sharon Williams
School of Nursing, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Annu Rev Nurs Res. 2008;26:3-39.
The prevalence of diabetes in the United States is higher among those living in rural/ nonmetropolitan statistical areas than in urban centers. Managing this complex chronic illness is complicated by factors such as limited access to care, low socioeconomic status, aging, and membership in a racial or ethnic minority group. A review of the literature was conducted focusing on research about rural Americans with diabetes by searching databases of CINAHL, PubMed, and MEDLINE, and selecting articles in English that were published between 2000 and 2007. Search terms included: nursing, research, rural, rural nursing, rural health services/programs, and diabetes care. Additional search strategies included journal hand searching and networking. Twenty-six research reports were found and included qualitative and quantitative methods and program evaluations. All regions of the United States were represented except the Northwest. The vast majority of research reports were of descriptive studies (n = 16), with program evaluation reports (n = 7) and studies testing an intervention (n = 3) also represented. The quality of each study is examined and summarized.
在美国，农村/非都市统计区域居民的糖尿病患病率高于城市中心地区。获得医疗服务的机会有限、社会经济地位低下、老龄化以及属于少数种族或族裔群体等因素，使得管理这种复杂的慢性病变得更加复杂。通过检索CINAHL、PubMed和MEDLINE数据库，并选择2000年至2007年期间发表的英文文章，对有关美国农村糖尿病患者的研究文献进行了综述。检索词包括：护理、研究、农村、农村护理、农村卫生服务/项目以及糖尿病护理。其他检索策略包括手工查阅期刊和建立联系。共找到26份研究报告，包括定性和定量方法以及项目评估。除西北部外，美国所有地区均有涉及。绝大多数研究报告为描述性研究（n = 16），也有项目评估报告（n = 7）和测试干预措施的研究（n = 3）。对每项研究的质量进行了审查和总结。
