Vlassov Vasiliy V, Danishevskiy Kirill D
Department of Research Methodology, Moscow Medical Academy, Trubetskaia 7, Moscow, Russia.
Emerg Themes Epidemiol. 2008 Sep 30;5:15. doi: 10.1186/1742-7622-5-15.
In the 20th century, Russian biomedical science experienced a decline from the blossom of the early years to a drastic state. Through the first decades of the USSR, it was transformed to suit the ideological requirements of a totalitarian state and biased directives of communist leaders. Later, depressing economic conditions and isolation from the international research community further impeded its development. Contemporary Russia has inherited a system of medical education quite different from the west as well as counterproductive regulations for the allocation of research funding. The methodology of medical and epidemiological research in Russia is largely outdated. Epidemiology continues to focus on infectious disease and results of the best studies tend to be published in international periodicals. MEDLINE continues to be the best database to search for Russian biomedical publications, despite only a small proportion being indexed. The database of the Moscow Central Medical Library is the largest national database of medical periodicals, but does not provide abstracts and full subject heading codes, and it does not cover even the entire collection of the Library. New databases and catalogs (e.g. Panteleimon) that have appeared recently are incomplete and do not enable effective searching.
在20世纪，俄罗斯生物医学科学经历了从早期的蓬勃发展到急剧衰落的过程。在苏联的头几十年里，它被改造以适应极权国家的意识形态要求和共产主义领导人的片面指示。后来，令人沮丧的经济状况以及与国际研究界的隔绝进一步阻碍了其发展。当代俄罗斯继承了一套与西方截然不同的医学教育体系以及适得其反的研究资金分配规定。俄罗斯医学和流行病学研究的方法在很大程度上已经过时。流行病学仍然专注于传染病，并且最好的研究结果往往发表在国际期刊上。尽管只有一小部分被索引，但MEDLINE仍然是查找俄罗斯生物医学出版物的最佳数据库。莫斯科中央医学图书馆的数据库是最大的国家医学期刊数据库，但不提供摘要和完整的主题词代码，甚至没有涵盖该图书馆的全部馆藏。最近出现的新数据库和目录（如Panteleimon）并不完整，无法进行有效的检索。
