Lien Samuel C, Cederna Paul S, Kuzon William M
Department of Surgery, Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Michigan, 2130 Taubman Center, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0340, USA.
Hand Clin. 2008 Nov;24(4):445-54, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.hcl.2008.08.001.
Denervation as a consequence of nerve injury causes profound structural and functional changes within skeletal muscle and can lead to a marked impairment in function of the affected limb. Prompt reinnervation of a muscle with a sufficient number of motion-specific motor axons generally results in good structural and functional recovery, whereas long-term denervation or insufficient or improper axonal recruitment uniformly results in poor functional recovery. Only nerve transfer has been highly efficacious in changing the clinical outcomes of patients with skeletal muscle denervation, especially in the case of proximal limb nerve injuries. Rapid reinnervation with an abundant number of motor axons remains the only clinically effective means to restore function to denervated skeletal muscles.
神经损伤导致的失神经支配会引起骨骼肌内深刻的结构和功能变化，并可能导致受影响肢体的功能显著受损。用足够数量的特定运动轴突对肌肉进行及时的再支配通常会带来良好的结构和功能恢复，而长期失神经支配或轴突募集不足或不当则一律导致功能恢复不佳。只有神经移植在改变骨骼肌失神经支配患者的临床结局方面具有高效性，尤其是在近端肢体神经损伤的情况下。用大量运动轴突进行快速再支配仍然是恢复失神经支配骨骼肌功能的唯一临床有效手段。
