Raudsepp T, Gustafson-Seabury A, Durkin K, Wagner M L, Goh G, Seabury C M, Brinkmeyer-Langford C, Lee E-J, Agarwala R, Stallknecht-Rice E, Schäffer A A, Skow L C, Tozaki T, Yasue H, Penedo M C T, Lyons L A, Khazanehdari K A, Binns M M, MacLeod J N, Distl O, Guérin G, Leeb T, Mickelson J R, Chowdhary B P
Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Cytogenet Genome Res. 2008;122(1):28-36. doi: 10.1159/000151313. Epub 2008 Oct 14.
A comprehensive second-generation whole genome radiation hybrid (RH II), cytogenetic and comparative map of the horse genome (2n = 64) has been developed using the 5000rad horse x hamster radiation hybrid panel and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The map contains 4,103 markers (3,816 RH; 1,144 FISH) assigned to all 31 pairs of autosomes and the X chromosome. The RH maps of individual chromosomes are anchored and oriented using 857 cytogenetic markers. The overall resolution of the map is one marker per 775 kilobase pairs (kb), which represents a more than five-fold improvement over the first-generation map. The RH II incorporates 920 markers shared jointly with the two recently reported meiotic maps. Consequently the two maps were aligned with the RH II maps of individual autosomes and the X chromosome. Additionally, a comparative map of the horse genome was generated by connecting 1,904 loci on the horse map with genome sequences available for eight diverse vertebrates to highlight regions of evolutionarily conserved syntenies, linkages, and chromosomal breakpoints. The integrated map thus obtained presents the most comprehensive information on the physical and comparative organization of the equine genome and will assist future assemblies of whole genome BAC fingerprint maps and the genome sequence. It will also serve as a tool to identify genes governing health, disease and performance traits in horses and assist us in understanding the evolution of the equine genome in relation to other species.
利用5000拉德的马×仓鼠辐射杂种细胞系和荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术,构建了马基因组(2n = 64)的综合第二代全基因组辐射杂种(RH II)、细胞遗传学和比较图谱。该图谱包含4103个标记(3816个RH;1144个FISH),分布于所有31对常染色体和X染色体上。各染色体的RH图谱通过857个细胞遗传学标记进行定位和定向。图谱的整体分辨率为每775千碱基对(kb)一个标记,相较于第一代图谱有超过五倍的提升。RH II整合了920个与最近报道的两个减数分裂图谱共有的标记。因此,这两个图谱与各常染色体和X染色体的RH II图谱进行了比对。此外,通过将马图谱上的1904个位点与八个不同脊椎动物的可用基因组序列相连,生成了马基因组的比较图谱,以突出进化上保守的同线性、连锁和染色体断点区域。由此获得的整合图谱呈现了关于马基因组物理和比较组织的最全面信息,将有助于未来全基因组BAC指纹图谱的组装和基因组序列的测定。它还将作为一种工具,用于鉴定控制马的健康、疾病和性能特征的基因,并帮助我们理解马基因组与其他物种相关的进化过程。