基于硅胶的磺酸阳离子交换剂对钪、锆、铪和钍的富集、分离及测定

Concentration, separation and determination of scandium, zirconium, hafnium and thorium with a silica-based sulphonic acid cation-exchanger.

作者信息

Alimarin I P, Fadeeva V I, Kudryavtsev G V, Loskutova I M, Tikhomirova T I

机构信息

Department of Chemistry, N. V. Lomonosov State University, Moscow 119899, USSR.

出版信息

Talanta. 1987 Jan;34(1):103-10. doi: 10.1016/0039-9140(87)80013-9.

DOI:10.1016/0039-9140(87)80013-9

PMID:18964266

Abstract

A study has been made of the dependence of the sorption of scandium, zirconium, hafnium and thorium from aqueous solutions with a silica-based sulphonic cation-exchanger (SCE-SiO(2)) on the concentration and nature of the acid medium, time of contact, concentration of the element, and the ionic strength. The selectivity decreases in the order Zr approximately Hf > Th > Sc > Fe(III). The sorption characteristics of silica gel and SCE-SiO(2) have been compared, and the sorption mechanism is discussed. The SCE-SiO(2) exchanger has been used for 100-fold concentration of scandium, zirconium, hafnium and thorium from their 10(-8)-10(-7) M solutions, and a spectrophotometric method has been developed for their determination with a detection limit of 0.5 ng/ml for Zr and Sc and 0.1 ng/ml for Hf and Th. Zirconium and hafnium have been determined in the solvent phase by X-ray fluorescence and atomic-emission methods.

摘要

研究了以硅胶基磺酸阳离子交换剂（SCE-SiO₂）从水溶液中吸附钪、锆、铪和钍的情况，考察了酸性介质的浓度和性质、接触时间、元素浓度以及离子强度对吸附的影响。选择性按Zr≈Hf＞Th＞Sc＞Fe(III)的顺序降低。比较了硅胶和SCE-SiO₂的吸附特性，并讨论了吸附机理。SCE-SiO₂交换剂已用于将钪、锆、铪和钍从10⁻⁸ - 10⁻⁷ M的溶液中浓缩100倍，并且开发了一种分光光度法用于测定它们，其中Zr和Sc的检测限为0.5 ng/ml，Hf和Th的检测限为0.1 ng/ml。通过X射线荧光法和原子发射法测定了溶剂相中的锆和铪。