Hertel Andrew W, Finch Emily A, Kelly Kristina M, King Christie, Lando Harry, Linde Jennifer A, Jeffery Robert W, Rothman Alexander J
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Health Psychol. 2008 May;27(3S):S197-206. doi: 10.1037/0278-6133.27.3(suppl.).s197.
Our primary objective was to test the thesis that the initiation of behavior change is dependent on favorable expectations, whereas maintaining a change in behavior is dependent on satisfaction with the outcomes afforded by behavior change. These hypotheses were tested in the context of a smoking cessation intervention.
Adult smokers were randomized to an 8-week smoking cessation program designed to induce either optimistic or modest expectations about cessation. Participants were encouraged to quit smoking after Week 4 and were followed for 15 months after the end of the program. MAIN PROCESS AND OUTCOME MEASURES: The authors focused on participants' expectations about cessation, satisfaction with cessation, and smoking status.
The effect of the expectation manipulation on smokers' beliefs about cessation was moderated by their prior cessation success. Those led to hold favorable expectations about cessation were more likely to initiate cessation. Although satisfaction was not affected by initial expectations, it predicted maintained cessation.
Results highlight the challenge of altering how smokers think about cessation and the need for further research on intervention strategies that target different factors for the initiation and maintenance of cessation.
我们的主要目的是验证这一论点，即行为改变的启动取决于积极的期望，而行为改变的维持则取决于对行为改变所带来结果的满意度。这些假设在戒烟干预的背景下进行了检验。
成年吸烟者被随机分配到一个为期8周的戒烟项目中，该项目旨在引发对戒烟的乐观或适度期望。在第4周后鼓励参与者戒烟，并在项目结束后对他们进行15个月的跟踪。主要过程和结果测量：作者关注参与者对戒烟的期望、对戒烟的满意度以及吸烟状况。
期望操纵对吸烟者关于戒烟信念的影响受到他们先前戒烟成功经历的调节。那些被引导对戒烟抱有积极期望的人更有可能开始戒烟。虽然满意度不受初始期望的影响，但它预测了戒烟的维持情况。
结果凸显了改变吸烟者对戒烟看法的挑战，以及对针对戒烟启动和维持的不同因素的干预策略进行进一步研究的必要性。
