Yao Guo-zhong, Zeng Li-qiang, Zhang Bo, Chang Zheng-shan
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Shanghai 201103, China.
Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 2008 Aug;47(8):634-7.
To improve the recognition and diagnosis of pulmonary Lophomonas blattarum infection.
Two cases of bronchopulmonary Lophomonas blattarum diagnosed in this hospital were reported. The clinical features of 13 cases in the literature during the period of 1993 to 2006, 1 case with sinus infection and 12 cases with bronchopulmonary infection, were also analyzed.
For the 2 cases diagnosed in this hospital, severe asthma and bronchiectasis with prolonged infection were the underlying diseases, respectively. The diagnosis of these 2 cases and the 13 cases reported in the literature were all confirmed by the presence of parasites in airway samples. The most common symptoms included fever (64.3%), cough and expectoration (71.4%). Fifty percent of the patients showed increased eosinophils in peripheral blood. Chest radiograph and CT scan showed changes similar to pneumonia (83.3%). Chronic cases were manifested with asthma attack, bronchiectasis or lung abscess. Smear preparations of sputum or specimen by bronchoscopy were direct methods for diagnosis.
Pulmonary Lophomonas blattarum infection is an emerging infectious disease caused by protozoon of hypermastigote parasitized in the bronchus or the lung. Epidemiological characteristics including host, route of transmission and susceptible population of Lophomonas blattarum infection are not fully understood. The optimal treatment also needs further investigation.
提高对肺蠊滴虫感染的认识与诊断。
报告本院确诊的2例支气管肺蠊滴虫病病例。并分析1993年至2006年期间文献报道的13例病例的临床特征，其中1例鼻窦感染，12例支气管肺感染。
本院确诊的2例病例，基础疾病分别为重度哮喘和长期感染所致支气管扩张。本院确诊的这2例病例及文献报道的13例病例均经气道样本中发现寄生虫得以确诊。最常见症状包括发热（64.3%）、咳嗽咳痰（71.4%）。50%的患者外周血嗜酸性粒细胞增多。胸部X线片及CT扫描显示类似肺炎的改变（83.3%）。慢性病例表现为哮喘发作、支气管扩张或肺脓肿。痰涂片或支气管镜标本检查是诊断的直接方法。
肺蠊滴虫感染是一种由寄生于支气管或肺内的超鞭毛虫原生动物引起的新发传染病。蠊滴虫感染的宿主、传播途径及易感人群等流行病学特征尚未完全明确。最佳治疗方案也有待进一步研究。
