Sturm Tina, Milacic Radmila, Murko Simona, Vahcic Mitja, Mladenovic Ana, Suput Jerneja Strupi, Scancar Janez
Department of Environmental Sciences, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
J Hazard Mater. 2009 Jul 15;166(1):277-83. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.11.015. Epub 2008 Nov 17.
Electric arc filter dust (EAF dust) is a waste by-product which occurs in the production of steel. Instead of being disposed of, it can be used in cement composites for civil engineering, and for balances in washing machines. To estimate the environmental impact of the use of EAF dust in cement composites leachability tests based on diffusion were performed using water and salt water as leaching agents. Compact and ground cement composites, and cement composites with addition of 1.5% of EAF dust by mass were studied. The concentrations of total Cr and Cr(VI) were determined in leachates over a time period of 175 days. At the end of the experiment the concentrations of some other metals were also determined in leachates. The results indicated that Cr in leachates was present almost solely in its hexavalent form. No leaching of Cr(VI) was observed in aqueous leachates from compact cement composites and compact cement composites to which different quantities of EAF dust have been added. In ground cement composites and in ground cement composites with addition of EAF dust, Cr(VI) was leached with water in very low concentrations up to 5 microg L(-1). Cr(VI) concentrations were higher in salt water leachates. In compact and ground cement composites with addition of EAF dust Cr(VI) concentrations were 40 and 100 microg L(-1), respectively. It was experimentally found that addition of EAF dust had almost no influence on leaching of Cr(VI) from cement composites. Leaching of Cr(VI) originated primarily from cement. Leaching of other metals from composites investigated did not represent an environmental burden. From the physico-mechanical and environmental aspects EAF dust can be used as a component in cement mixtures.
电弧炉滤尘（EAF 尘）是钢铁生产过程中产生的一种废弃副产品。它并非被丢弃，而是可用于土木工程的水泥复合材料以及洗衣机配重。为评估在水泥复合材料中使用 EAF 尘对环境的影响，以水和盐水作为浸出剂，进行了基于扩散的浸出性试验。研究了密实和磨细的水泥复合材料，以及添加了 1.5%质量分数 EAF 尘的水泥复合材料。在 175 天的时间段内测定浸出液中总铬和六价铬的浓度。实验结束时，还测定了浸出液中其他一些金属的浓度。结果表明，浸出液中的铬几乎完全以其六价形式存在。在密实水泥复合材料以及添加了不同量 EAF 尘的密实水泥复合材料的水浸出液中，未观察到六价铬的浸出。在磨细水泥复合材料以及添加了 EAF 尘的磨细水泥复合材料中，六价铬在水中的浸出浓度非常低，最高可达 5 μg L⁻¹。在盐水浸出液中六价铬浓度更高。在添加了 EAF 尘的密实和磨细水泥复合材料中，六价铬浓度分别为 40 和 100 μg L⁻¹。通过实验发现，添加 EAF 尘对水泥复合材料中六价铬的浸出几乎没有影响。六价铬的浸出主要源于水泥。所研究的复合材料中其他金属的浸出并不构成环境负担。从物理力学和环境方面来看，EAF 尘可作为水泥混合物的一种成分使用。
